Towards direct measurement of turbulent vertical fluxes of compounds in atmospheric aerosol particles

Held, Andreas; Hinz, Klaus-Peter; Trimborn, A.; Spengler, Bernhard; Klemm, Otto

doi:10.1029/2003gl017854

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…To further investigate this question, size‐resolved measurements of particle number and mass fluxes are needed. Therefore innovative combinations of instruments and methods with the potential to derive chemical composition fluxes of the particulate phase [e.g., Held et al , 2003] are major tasks for future atmospheric boundary layer research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of particle formation and growth in a mountainous forest region in central Europe

et al. 2004

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In the summers of 2001 and 2002, particle formation and growth were observed at a forest ecosystem research site in the “Fichtelgebirge” mountain range in NE Bavaria, Germany. Atmospheric nucleation events, identified through detailed analysis of the time evolution of submicron particle size distributions, differed considerably from nonevent days with respect to ultrafine particle concentrations and meteorological parameters. Particle diameter growth rates, as quantified through the geometric mean diameter development of the 3–60 nm particle fraction, ranged from 2.2 to 5.7 nm h−1. While H2SO4 concentrations typically explained less than 10% of the observed growth rates, a significant fraction of particle growth may be explained through condensation of organic vapors from α‐pinene oxidation. On several days, cocondensation of H2SO4 and α‐pinene oxidation products was sufficient to fully explain the observed growth dynamics. While BVOC emissions from the tree vegetation may contribute to particle formation, the forest also acts as an effective sink for particles. This is reflected in the dominance of particle deposition to the forest over emission, with the strongest deposition fluxes occurring during particle formation events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of particle formation and growth in a mountainous forest region in central Europe

et al. 2004

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“…Eddy covariance measurements of aerosol chemical species were first presented for SO 4 2À deposition to grassland, based on an analyser with thermal conversion to SO 2 (Wesely et al, 1985), with no further studies until the advent of aerosol mass spectrometry offered the prospect for fast measurement of a number of aerosol compounds. Held et al (2003) theoretically investigated the suitability of aerosol mass spectrometers based on single-particle analysis by laser ablation and ionisation for disjunct eddy covariance flux measurements, dealing with the limited counting statistics and quantification issues related to this instrument (De Carlo et al, 2006). An alternative instrument, the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS), which is based on thermal vapourisation coupled with electron impact ionisation, averages over a much larger aerosol population and is quantitative for submicron aerosol components that are nonrefractory, i.e.…”

Section: Flux Measurements Of Individual Aerosol Chemical Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric composition change: Ecosystems–Atmosphere interactions

Fowler

Pilegaard

Sutton

et al. 2009

Atmospheric Environment

632

402

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“…DEC has been applied to trace gas fluxes (Rinne et al, 2001) but has yet to be used for particle fluxes. Application of the disjunct eddy accumulation approach (Rinne et al, 2000) with instrumentation capable of sizing and chemically resolving individual particles (Held et al, 2003) is, however, a step in that direction.…”

Section: Advances In Observational Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of measurement and modelling results of particle atmosphere–surface exchange

Pryor¹,

Gallagher²,

Sievering³

et al. 2008

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

163

148

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A B S T R A C T Atmosphere-surface exchange represents one mechanism by which atmospheric particle mass and number size distributions are modified. Deposition velocities (v d ) exhibit a pronounced dependence on surface type, due in part to turbulence structure (as manifest in friction velocity), with minima of approximately 0.01 and 0.2 cm s −1 over grasslands and 0.1-1 cm s −1 over forests. However, as noted over 20 yr ago, observations over forests generally do not support the pronounced minimum of deposition velocity (v d ) for particle diameters of 0.1-2 μm as manifest in theoretical predictions. Closer agreement between models and observations is found over less-rough surfaces though those data also imply substantially higher surface collection efficiencies than were originally proposed and are manifest in current models. We review theorized dependencies for particle fluxes, describe and critique model approaches and innovations in experimental approaches, and synthesize common conclusions of experimental and modelling studies. We end by proposing a number of research avenues that should be pursued in to facilitate further insights and development of improved numerical models of atmospheric particles.

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Towards direct measurement of turbulent vertical fluxes of compounds in atmospheric aerosol particles

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Observations of particle formation and growth in a mountainous forest region in central Europe

Observations of particle formation and growth in a mountainous forest region in central Europe

Atmospheric composition change: Ecosystems–Atmosphere interactions

A review of measurement and modelling results of particle atmosphere–surface exchange

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