Tourism and Hospitality Industry During COVID-19: An Economic Perspective

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an ongoing tourism crisis. The most significant threat to the global economy since the Second World War is the product of unparalleled global travel constraints and residency orders. Tourism is particularly vulnerable to intervention to fight pandemics due to limited movement and social distance. Global markets, including tourist services such as world travel, domestic tourism, day trips, and parts as varied as air, cruises, transport, hotels, cafes and restaurants, conferences, festivals, meetings, or sports activities have automatically been affected by international, regional, and local travel restrictions. Leading to the dramatic stagnation of global air traffic and the fact that many countries have placed travel restrictions, closed borders, or initiated quarantine times, international and domestic tourism has reduced dramatically. Several countries have failed to return tourists home, with hundreds of thousands of people in all areas of the world participating in vital outbound markets. This study contributes to the tourism and hotel industry, particularly from an economic perspective, by reviewing related research, reports, and working papers.

COVID-19 stimulated travel behavior policy framework with evidence from travel change in southwestern Nigeria

“…The new coronavirus disease pandemic redefined urban mobility between early 2020 and recently when the virus was seemingly controlled by deploying several measures that include vaccination (Tartof et al, 2021;Feikin et al, 2022) and transportation policies. Thus, relative to the health concerns of COVID-19, from the imposed lockdown policy by most governments to travel restrictions, social distancing, and restrictive vehicle-passenger capacity protocols, transportation, and indeed, the travel industry, including the hospitality and the tourism industry (Kaushal and Srivastava, 2021;Gursoy and Chi, 2020;Mohamed et al, 2020), have felt the impact of the pandemic in no small measure (Babalik, 2020;De Vos, 2020;Carrington, 2020;Mogaji, 2020;Abdullah et al, 2020;Gaskin et al, 2020;Dong et al, 2021;Hensher et al, 2021;Faiyetole, 2022). Travel behavior in trip purpose, directed or motion needs, daily travel patterns, and modal types witnessed unprecedented changes during COVID (Abdullah et al, 2020;De Vos, 2020;Gaskin et al, 2020;Gutiérrez et al, 2020;Hensher et al, 2021;Hook et al, 2021;Dong et al, 2021).…”

Enterprise Operational Resilience with Digitalization Approach amid the COVID-19 Era: An Empirical Assessment

“…According to the calculation done by the China Tourism Academy for the year 2020, the two primary growth indices of domestic tourism revenue and domestic tourism population both indicated considerable declines in growth, with respective ranges of 18.6% to 29.9% and 13.9% to 19.5% [5]. In addition to this, the e ect of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the revenue of domestic brigades was far more severe than the impact that SARS had [6,7]. According to o cial gures from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, international tourism revenue in 2019 was US $131.3 billion, up about 3.3 per cent year on year, with about 145 million inbound tourists, up about 2.9 per cent year on year.…”