Green finance is inextricably linked to investment risk, particularly in emerging and developing economies (EMDE). This study uses the difference in differences (DID) method to evaluate the mean causal effects of a treatment on an outcome of the determinants of scaling up green financing and climate change mitigation in the N-11 countries from 2005 to 2019. After analyzing with a dummy for the treated countries, it was confirmed that the outcome covariates: rescon (renewable energy sources consumption), population, FDI, CO 2 , inflation, technical corporation grants, domestic credit to the private sector, and research and development are very significant in promoting green financing and climate change mitigation in the study countries. The probit regression results give a different outcome, as rescon, FID, CO 2 , Human Development Index (HDI), and investment in the energy sector by the private sector that will likely have an impact on the green financing and climate change mitigation of the study countries. Furthermore, after matching the analysis through the nearest neighbor matching, kernel matching, and radius matching, it produced mixed results for both the treated and the untreated countries. Either group experienced an improvement in green financing and climate change mitigation or a decrease. Overall, the DID showed no significant difference among the countries.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the effects of environmental knowledge, perceived environmental responsibility and altruism on tourist’s intention to stay in green hotels. In addition, the mediating role played by tourists’ attitudes, including ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes, is explored. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 393 international tourists in Malaysia. This study followed a cross-sectional approach and applied the partial least squares – structural equation modelling using SmartPLS version 3 software to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. Findings The results indicated that environmental knowledge, altruism, environmental responsibility and ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes positively influence tourists’ intention to stay in green hotels. Ecocentric attitudes mediate environmental knowledge, altruism, environmental responsibility and intention to stay in green hotels. However, environmental knowledge and altruism do not influence anthropocentric attitudes. Likewise, anthropocentric attitudes do not mediate the relationship between environmental knowledge, altruism, perceived environmental responsibility and intention to stay in green hotels. Research limitations/implications This study posed several theoretical and practical implications that will benefit future researchers and practitioners while exploring tourists’ behaviour in a green hotel context. Originality/value This study makes a unique and significant contribution by including ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes in a unified model underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Value-Basis Theory.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the effects of green marketing tools on tourists’ behavioural intention to buy green products by measuring individuals’ subjective norms, attitudes and perceived behavioural control. Design/methodology/approach A total of 421 international tourists from several tourist attractions in Malaysia, selected through convenience sampling, participated in a survey. Findings The analysis results using partial least squares structural equation modelling suggest that behavioural intention of international tourists is firmly influenced by attitude, perceived behavioural control, subjective norms and green marketing tools. However, the subjective norm does not work as a mediator. Practical implications The relationships established in this study provide insight into hoteliers’ knowledge for further implementation of green marketing strategies (eco-label, eco-brand, environmental advertising), which can enhance green attitudes and behavioural intention of purchasing green products in the hospitality industry. Originality/value This study expands the theory of planned behaviour by including green marketing tools to measure international tourists’ green buying tendency in Malaysia.