Toponymic Lexicon of River Culture in Central Kalimantan: An Ethnosemantic Study

Abstract

AbstrakMasyarakat Kalimantan Tengah yang mayoritas tinggal di sepanjang daerah aliran sungai besar, menjadikan sungai sebagai sesuatu yang penting dalam sendi-sendi kehidupan mereka. Budaya sungai yang dianut oleh masyarakat Kalimantan Tengah dapat dilihat dari leksikon-leksikon yang terkandung dalam toponimi wilayah. Penelitian ini berusaha mendeskripsikan leksikon-leksikon yang muncul dari budaya sungai yang tercermin dalam toponimi Kalimantan Tengah sehingga karakteristik masyarakatnya dapat terungkap. Penelitian ini mengungkap karakteristik budaya sungai Kalimantan tengah dari segi penamaan wilayah. Pendekatan etnosemantik digunakan untuk mengupas hubungan antara bahasa, budaya, dan pola pikir masyarakat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cara menamai suatu wilayah di Kalimantan Tengah dipengaruhi oleh anatomi sungai yang terletak di hulu, tengah, dan hilir. Selain itu, sistem pengetahuan dan sistem kepercayaan juga turut berperan serta dalam penamaan toponim di Kalimantan Tengah. AbstractRivers have a significant role in the life of most of Central Kalimantan people living along riverbanks. Their river culture is reflected from their toponymic lexicon. The purpose of this study was to describe the lexicon of their river culture which is reflected from the toponyms found in Central Kalimantan in order to reveal their characters. Ethnosemantic approach was employed to reveal the relationship among language, culture, and mindset of the society. Data collection was carried out by means of interview method. The result of this study shows that the toponyms in Central Kalimantan was influenced by river’s anatomy i.e. upstream, middle and downstream Furthermore, it was also influenced by knowledge and belief systems.

Lexicon Analysis in Sampi Gerumbungan Dance Costume

“…The lexicon consists of lexemes that function to provide certain meanings that do not only consist of one linguistic etymological meaning because there are differences in the basic lexicon for each person (Tuwa, 2022). Utami (2017, as cited in Yulianti et al, 2020) stated that the lexicon functions in supporting a certain population, specifically conversational relations that have entities and refer to culture and environment. Kridalaksana (1982, as cited in Silalahi, 2018 said that a list of words found in a certain environment that has meanings that can improve and enrich someone's vocabulary mastery is called a lexicon.…”

What’s in a Name? An Ethnosemantic Study of Muslim Mosque Names in Southern Thailand

“…The investigation findings suggested that names of places are under great influence of the pagan religion of Ireland, thereby holding a specific characteristic reflecting both the religion and local convention toward naming. Another captivating ethnosemantic study was conducted by Yulianti et al (2020). In the study, toponyms or names of places in particular geographical area were investigated ethnosemantically.…”

“…Such an influence is reflected through terms or names and naming patterns assigned to places and objects in different cultures. A great number of studies have discussed and suggested toward specifications of such an issue in terms of people's names (Alvard, 2011;Nakilawi, 2016), Hindu religious places (Benjasri, 2015;Wafa, 2018), names of places (Yulianti et al, 2020), among the others. Yet, religious places especially Muslim mosques in southern border of Thailandunlike in other regionshave been less explored.…”