Thermoplastic-Thermoset Nanostructured Polymer Blends

Adeniyi, Amos; Agboola, Oluranti; Sadiku, Rotimi; Durowoju, Mondiu Ọlayinka; Olubambi, P. A.; Reddy, A. Babul; Ibrahim, Idowu David; Kupolati, Williams Kehinde

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-39408-6.00002-9

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Thermoplastic is a type of polymer that when heated, it becoming soft or molten and pliable and thus returns to a solid cooling state without altering its intrinsic structures and this activity helps the thermoplastic composite to be recycled [8]. Similarly, according [9], it is relatively straightforward to recycle thermoplastics unlike thermosets it creates a large crosslinked network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Hamdan

Razali

Hamid

et al. 2022

ARFMTS

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The application of thermoplastic composites (TPCs) in aircraft application is expanding. This paper presents a study of the effect of layering thickness of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide, CF/PPS. There are 2 thickness of plies which are 6 plies and 8 plies of 1.90 mm and 2.52 mm respectively. To update, the aircraft is now ready to shift from thermoset to thermoplastics composite materials. In parallel to the technology, mechanical, thermal and physical properties of the advanced thermoplastic materials CF/PPS are to be determined. By having towards the behavior and properties, thus the incoming material CF/PPS data could be compared to the current nominal of epoxy thermoset structural for aircraft which is benefit to the aircraft industries purpose. In this study, it was found that, for mechanical properties, Tensile Strength, Flexural Modulus as well as Vickers Hardness recorded 6 plies higher value compared to 8 plies. While, Impact Strength, Interlaminar Shear Strength, (ILSS) and Compressive Strength shown that 8 plies obtained the superior reading compared to 6 plies. For physical properties, the density of 6 plies and 8 plies recorded 1.541 and 1.547 respectively. Content as a percentage of the initial mass of fibre, (%) recorded 6 plies was 58.397% while 8 plies was 58.235 %. Fibre content as a percentage of the initial volume, (%) recorded 6 plies was 50.838% while 8 plies was 50.885%. Void content as a percentage of the initial volume, (%) recorded 6 plies was 1.678% while 8 plies was 1.268%. While, for the thermal analysis, both samples of CF/PPS have good thermal stability material in aerospace applications as the weight for both plies CF/PPS are observed as the function of temperature (high heat energy applied). Glass Transition Temperature ( was 93.75°C for 6 plies while 8 plies recorded 93.94°C. Melting Temperature, recorded 283.68°C for 6 plies whereas 283.61°C for 8 plies. The morphological analysis under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shows that 6 plies had a lot of fibre pull out compared to 8 plies thus agreed that impact strength was higher on 8 plies over 6 plies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Hamdan

Razali

Hamid

et al. 2022

ARFMTS

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“…The generalized structures of the polymers discussed and their different functionalities available are represented in Figure 14, and at the end of this section, Table 2 summarizes the main processes used and the thermomechanical properties achieved with the keratin/thermoset polymer blends. aThermoplastics/thermosets blends are complex systems since they naturally tend to a macrophaseseparation, therefore requiring strict control of the phase behaviour, morphology and interfacial adhesion to convert these immiscible blends into crosslinked polymer materials [211]. However, once this hurdle is surpassed, they produce interesting systems due to their ability to partially fix the blend morphology, even when unstable, allowing a very broad set of properties that can be fixed together with the morphology [212].…”

Section: Keratin Associations With Elastomers and Thermosetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review

Donato

Mija

2019

Polymers

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Among the biopolymers from animal sources, keratin is one the most abundant, with a major contribution from side stream products from cattle, ovine and poultry industry, offering many opportunities to produce cost-effective and sustainable advanced materials. Although many reviews have discussed the application of keratin in polymer-based biomaterials, little attention has been paid to its potential in association with other polymer matrices. Thus, herein, we present an extensive literature review summarizing keratin’s compatibility with other synthetic, biosynthetic and natural polymers, and its effect on the materials’ final properties in a myriad of applications. First, we revise the historical context of keratin use, describe its structure, chemical toolset and methods of extraction, overview and differentiate keratins obtained from different sources, highlight the main areas where keratin associations have been applied, and describe the possibilities offered by its chemical toolset. Finally, we contextualize keratin’s potential for addressing current issues in materials sciences, focusing on the effect of keratin when associated to other polymers’ matrices from biomedical to engineering applications, and beyond.

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“…Generally speaking, a higher interlaminar fracture toughness is often associated with the introduction of new energy absorption mechanisms, i.e., crack deflection and arrest, which make the composite more delamination resistant, as also reported in [20][21][22][23]. Thermoplastic matrices offer greater toughness than thermoset materials [24,25], but they generally have inferior mechanical properties, thermal stability and adhesion to fibres than thermoset matrices [26]. Thermoplastic film interleaving is a simple practical approach to modifying fibre-reinforced thermoset composite interfaces for superior toughness compared to the reference materials without interleaves [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Plasma-Treatment of Interleaved Thermoplastic Films on Delamination in Interlayer Fibre Hybrid Composite Laminates

et al. 2020

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Safe, light, and high-performance engineering structures may be generated by adopting composite materials with stable damage process (i.e., without catastrophic delamination). Interlayer hybrid composites may fail stably by suppressing catastrophic interlayer delamination. This paper provides a detailed analysis of delamination occurring in poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) or polystyrene (PS) film interleaved carbon-glass/epoxy hybrid composites. The ABS films toughened the interfaces of the hybrid laminates, generating materials with higher mode II interlaminar fracture toughness (GIIC), delamination stress (σdel), and eliminating the stress drops observed in the reference baseline material, i.e., without interleaf films, during tensile tests. Furthermore, stable behaviour was achieved by treating the ABS films in oxygen plasma. The mechanical performance (GIIC and σdel) of hybrid composites containing PS films, were initially reduced but increased after oxygen plasma treatment. The plasma treatment introduced O-C=O and O-C-O-O functional groups on the PS surfaces, enabling better epoxy/PS interactions. Microscopy analysis provided evidence of the toughening mechanisms, i.e., crack deflection, leading plasma-treated PS to stabilise delamination.

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Thermoplastic-Thermoset Nanostructured Polymer Blends

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review

Effect of Plasma-Treatment of Interleaved Thermoplastic Films on Delamination in Interlayer Fibre Hybrid Composite Laminates

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