Theoretical and Experimental Study of Effective Coupling Length for Transmission Lines Illuminated by HEMP

Xie, Huimin; Du, Tai-Jiao; Zhang, Maoyu; Li, Yong; Qiao, Hao; Yang, Jing; Shi, Yuewu; Wang, Jianguo

doi:10.1109/temc.2015.2463814

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The early time pulse Metatech document (Savage et al, 2010) suggests effective coupling lengths of about 1 . A more recent set of documents (Xie et al, 2015;Xie, Li, Qiao, & Wang, 2016) agrees with this general assessment both numerically and experimentally, although they obtain somewhat shorter effective coupling lengths. The concept of an effective coupling length is very important for the analysis we intend to perform on the system-level effects of an NEMP.…”

Section: Radiative Couplingsupporting

confidence: 73%

EMP/GMD Phase 0 Report, A Review of EMP Hazard Environments and Impacts

Rivera¹,

Backhaus²,

Woodroffe³

et al. 2016

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Section: Radiative Couplingsupporting

confidence: 73%

EMP/GMD Phase 0 Report, A Review of EMP Hazard Environments and Impacts

Rivera¹,

Backhaus²,

Woodroffe³

et al. 2016

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“…Note this definition of decay length is a multiple of the more conventional e −1 decaylength definition, as it will be shown later in this manuscript. Although an analysis toward this goal was reported in [1], we also consider the more relevant and general case of two and three conductors over ground, and study their eigenvalue problems to determine the decay lengths of both common and differential modes, and compare them to the single wire case. This is important as HEMP excitation can in general couple to both common and differential modes, which inherently exhibit very different propagation lengths, the latter propagating longer distances, thus potentially being an issue for damage assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay Length Estimation of Single-, Two-, and Three-Wire Systems Above Ground Under Hemp Excitation

Campione¹,

Warne²,

Halligan³

et al. 2019

PIER B

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We analytically model single-, two-, and three-wires above ground to determine the decay lengths of common and differential modes induced by an E1 high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) excitation. Decay length information is pivotal to determine whether any two nodes in the power grid may be treated as uncoupled. We employ a frequency-domain method based on transmission line theory named ATLOG-Analytic Transmission Line Over Ground to model infinitely long and finite single wires, as well as solve the eigenvalue problem of a single-, two-, and three-wire system. Our calculations show that a single, semi-infinite power line can be approximated by a 10 km section of line and that the second electrical reflection for all line lengths longer than the decay length are below half the rated operating voltage. Furthermore, our results show that the differential mode propagates longer distances than the common mode in two-and three-wire systems, and this should be taken into account when performing damage assessment from HEMP excitation. This analysis is a significant step toward simplifying the modeling of practical continental grid lengths, yet maintaining accuracy, a result of enormous impact.

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“…For the other three illuminations, the maximum induced voltage and energy saturate at 0.56 kV and 0.10 mJ. Compared to [20], which is a study to the coupling into long lines that are much higher above the ground plane, the impact of NEMP is much lower in the case of cables that run very close to the ground plane. In our case, the ground plane helps in the protection against NEMP, which appears to be a lower frequency problem compared to UHF communication and radar, where the protection does not work sufficiently.…”

Section: B Exposure To Nempmentioning

confidence: 88%

Protection Against Common Mode Currents on Cables Exposed to HIRF or NEMP

Leersum

Ven

Bergsma

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Above deck, cables on naval ships are exposed to highintensity radiated fields and nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) that may cause conducted interference and generate electromagnetic fields that exceed the immunity levels of commercially available equipment above and below deck. Exposed cables, such as open power plugs or lighting cables, are modeled and characterized both as a monopole antenna perpendicular to the deck and as a transmission line, representing a cable close to the deck. The placement of an illuminated cable close to the deck is a good protection measure for long cables at low frequencies, which includes NEMP protection. The coupled pulse from a high-intensity NEMP illumination is not expected to cause damage on electric installations. It is shown that for exposed cable length of maximum 25 cm and not placed in the line of sight of transmitters above 400 MHz, no additional protection measures are needed.

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Theoretical and Experimental Study of Effective Coupling Length for Transmission Lines Illuminated by HEMP

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

EMP/GMD Phase 0 Report, A Review of EMP Hazard Environments and Impacts

EMP/GMD Phase 0 Report, A Review of EMP Hazard Environments and Impacts

Decay Length Estimation of Single-, Two-, and Three-Wire Systems Above Ground Under Hemp Excitation

Protection Against Common Mode Currents on Cables Exposed to HIRF or NEMP

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