The Psychological Symptoms of College Student in China during the Lockdown of COVID-19 Epidemic

Abstract

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a huge impact on the mental state of human beings due to its high infection and fatality rates in early 2020. In this paper, a cross-sectional online survey was designed to understand the mental state of college students in a university located in Wuhan city during the lockdown. Out of 1168 respondents, above 50% participants had obvious fear and anxiety symptoms; anxiety and fear were 61.64% and 58.39%, respectively. Conformity (49.49%), invulnerability (26.11%), insensitivity (21.49%) and rebelliousness (12.41%) symptoms also appeared. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the senior students experienced more anxiety than the freshmen. Moreover, it was found that the psychological symptoms (except for the insensitivity symptom) had no significant difference in gender, residence and annual household income after the one-way analysis of variance.

Interventions in Chinese Undergraduate Students’ Mental Health: Systematic Review

“…The interventions proposed in the included studies can be divided into two broad categories: social support and coping strategies. Social support was provided by government authorities [ 49 , 52 - 54 , 61 , 62 , 68 , 72 , 84 , 86 - 88 ]; university authorities [ 12 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 - 55 , 57 - 59 , 62 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 91 , 93 ]; students’ affairs counselors and teachers [ 54 , 75 , 83 - 85 , 87 , 93 ]; family members [ 52 , 54 , 57 , 83 , 94 ]; health care authorities and professionals [ 52 , 63 , 66 , 75 , 77 - 79 , 87 ]; researchers [ 70 , 85 ]; and media-, internet-, and smartphone-based interventions [ 26 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 60 , 71 , 73 , 75 , 77 , 80 , 81 ]. Positive coping strategies were adopted by undergraduate students themselves [ 52 , 82 , 83 , 85 , 86 ,…”

“…Governments need to join hands with school administrators and various social parties to strengthen feasibility research to offer coping strategies, perform psychological interventions, and conduct relevant training [ 68 ]. Specifically, government authorities at all levels need to (1) specially improve efficacy appraisal through providing psychological backup for undergraduate students, by inviting psychiatrists to deliver relevant lectures [ 49 ]; (2) offer free psychological counseling via hotlines to help undergraduate students solve their psychological problems [ 53 ]; (3) develop interventions to improve undergraduate students’ various cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial responses to public health emergencies such as COVID-19 [ 61 ]; (4) provide parents with relevant education and psychological counseling to help them understand their children’s mental state [ 62 ]; (5) advocate adequate social support and long-term targeted psychological intervention to provide more employment opportunities and develop mental health rehabilitation programs for the fourth-year undergraduate students who suffered more mental problems [ 72 , 84 ]; (6) pay special attention to mental health concerns induced by intolerance of uncertainty [ 86 ]; and (7) particularly care for students who have lost loved ones and experienced family financial losses [ 87 ].…”

Research of the Changes in the Psychological Status of Chinese University Students and the Influencing Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Among them, the anxiety and depression of the undergraduate group are more serious than the postgraduate group; the only child is more serious than the non-only child; the college students with difficult family financial status and poor physical are more serious. There are also studies showing that seniors experience more anxiety than freshmen ( Li et al, 2021 ). Besides, worldwide phenomena have established risk factors for the mental health and well-being of youth over the past 15 years, such as the economic crisis, climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic ( Poletti et al, 2022 ).…”

Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Orang Tua Dan Anak

“…Diskriptif statistik merupakan penyajian data dengan gambaran secara umum (Sugiono, 2016). Sembilan artikel menggunakan design cross sectional (Li, Qin, Shi, & Han, 2021;Ma et al, 2021;Mazza et al, 2021;Morgül, Kallitsoglou, & Essau, 2020;Moscardino et al, 2021;Orgilés et al, 2021;Romero et al, 2020;Shorer & Leibovich, 2020;Yue, Zang, Le, & An, 2020) hubungan antar variabel (Creswell, 2016;Sugiono, 2016). Satu artikel dari metode kuantitatif menggunakan design longitudinal.…”

“…Selain terjadinya perubahan prilaku secara fisik pada orang tua dan anak, perubahan emosi dan psikologis juga terjadi dimasa pandemi COVID-19. Gangguan psikologis yang dialami yaitu gangguan kecemasan (Calvano et al, 2021;Gupta & Jawanda, 2020;Li et al, 2021;Watamura & Koppels, 2020;Orgilés et al, 2021;Romero et al, 2020;Saurabh & Ranjan, 2020;Yeasmin et al, 2020;Yue et al, 2020), stress ringan sampai berat (Morgül et al, 2020;Moscardino et al, 2021;Orgilés et al, 2021;Romero et al, 2020;Saurabh & Ranjan, 2020;Shorer & Leibovich, 2020;Spinelli et al, 2020;Calvano et al, 2021;Chartier et al, 2021;Cusinato et al, 2020), dan bahkan terjadinya depresi pada anak dan orang tua akibat proses karantina (Ma et al, 2021;Orgilés et al, 2021;Romero et al, 2020;Yeasmin et al, 2020;Yue et al, 2020;Watamura & Koppels, 2020)). Selain itu, karena diperlakunya sistem karantina dan lockdown membuat orang tua maupun anak mengalami perubahan emosi berupa gangguan emosi yang mudah marah, tidak sabar dan susah dinasehati (Mazza et al, 2021;Morgül et al, 2020;Moscardino et al, 2021;Shorer & Leibovich, 2020).…”