The Protective Effect of Sonneratia apetala Fruit Extract on Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Mice

Abstract

Acute liver injury is a common consequence of taking overdose of acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of a mangrove plant Sonneratia apetala fruit extract (SAFE) on APAP-induced liver injury in mice. Mice were orally pretreated with SAFE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) daily for one week. The control and APAP groups were intragastrically administered with distilled water, and NAC group was treated with N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) before APAP exposure. The results manifested that SAFE significantly improved survival rates, attenuated hepatic histological damage, and decreased the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in serum in APAP-exposed mice. SAFE treatment also increased glutathione (GSH) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, enhanced catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver. In addition, the formation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and elevation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in APAP-exposed mice were inhibited after SAFE treatment. And SAFE also displayed high DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power in vitro. The main bioactive components of SAFE such as total phenol, flavonoid, condensed tannin, and carbohydrate were determined. The current study proved that SAFE exerted potential protective effect against APAP-induced acute liver injury, which might be associated with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of SAFE.

Protective Effect of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. Fruit on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice: Role of Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway and Gut Microbiota

“…DPPH test is a method widely used to determine the antioxidative efficiency of a substance. The radical scavenging activity and the reducing power of BGF were determined according to the method previously reported (Liu et al, 2019a). Briefly, 2.0 mL DPPH solution (0.08 mg/mL) in methanol was added to 1 mL plant extract (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 μg/mL).…”

Anthraquinones Extract from Morinda angustifolia Roxb. Root Alleviates Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride through Inhibition of Hepatic Oxidative Stress

“…SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px are the most important antioxidant enzymes in mammalian system, which can inhibit the formation of free radicals and serve as indicators for the production of reactive oxygen species [28]. Among these antioxidant enzymes, SOD can catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ) [29], and CAT can catalyze the breakdown of H 2 O 2 into O 2 and water [30], while GSH-Px catalyzes the reduction of H 2 O 2 and other hydroperoxides into nontoxic compounds with GSH as the electron donor and terminates the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation by removing lipid hydroperoxides from the cell membrane [31,32]. Results of the present study obviously showed that treatment with CCl 4 could significantly induce the decreases in the activities of hepatic SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px compared with the normal group mice.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Anacardium occidentale L. and Anacardium microcarpum D. Extracts on the Liver of IL-10 Knockout Mice

“…Using the wild-type strain, the acetaminophen induced in experimental albino rats shows significant elevation in levels of the serum marker enzymes, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase, and of lipid peroxides with decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, showing its high harmful potential [ 45 ]. In addition, this protocol has also been widely used for analyzing the protective and curative effects of plant extracts, especially associated with pathologies of the digestive system [ 46 , 47 ].…”