The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and relationship with socioeconomic status in the Indonesian population

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing globally and remains debated. Objective: This study examines the association of socioeconomic status with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Data obtained from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS), a nationally representative population survey data, which polled 30,497 individuals age 16 years and over in 13 provinces in Indonesia. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the prevalence of diabetes mellitus with socioeconomic status. Results: Education level, employment status, age, and hypertension are related to the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. According to educational level, individuals with lower education level were more likely to have diabetes mellitus than those who had a higher level of education (OR=1.42; 95% CI: 1.21-1.67), higher risk was also found in those who were unemployed (OR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.33-1.82). Besides, age and hypertension were independent factors for a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, age >55 (OR=4.71; 95% CI: 4.06-5.46), hypertension (OR=5.86; 95% CI: 5.00-6.87). Diabetes mellitus also show significantly higher among individuals living in urban areas compared to individuals living in rural areas (OR=2.13; 95% CI: 1.78-2.55). Conclusions: Socioeconomic status has a significant association with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among people above 15 years old in Indonesia. The government needs to design a preventive program to control this disease by considering the risk factors that may lead to the development of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia.

Pengetahuan Dan Perilaku Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Yang Menjalankan Puasa Ramadan

“…15 Walaupun dua penelitian terbaru tidak mendukung hasil ini, yaitu pendidikan yang rendah adalah faktor risiko yang signifikan terjadinya DM. 16,17 Level edukasi dilaporkan seharusnya akan menurunkan risiko DM karena individu menjadi lebih memahami risiko kesehatan terkait DM, proses perubahan gaya hidup, dan kualitas akses sarana kesehatan lebih baik lagi. 17 Kelompok pekerjaan Pegawai Negeri Sipil dan ibu rumah tangga adalah dua pekerjaan dengan jumlah pasien terbanya pada studi ini.…”

“…16,17 Level edukasi dilaporkan seharusnya akan menurunkan risiko DM karena individu menjadi lebih memahami risiko kesehatan terkait DM, proses perubahan gaya hidup, dan kualitas akses sarana kesehatan lebih baik lagi. 17 Kelompok pekerjaan Pegawai Negeri Sipil dan ibu rumah tangga adalah dua pekerjaan dengan jumlah pasien terbanya pada studi ini. Walaupun tidak dihitung secara statistik diperkirakan terdapat peningkatan jumlah ibu rumah tangga yang menderita type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) berdasarkan Riskesdas 2007, hasil ini diungkap oleh sebuah review oleh Soewondo dkk.…”

Sociodemographic and behavioural risk factors associated with low awareness of diabetes mellitus medication in Indonesia: Findings from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5)

“…Previous studies that employed IFLS-4 or IFLS-5 mostly examined the prevalence of DM and its sociodemographic risk factors ( 19 – 22 ). Other research evaluated the association between socioeconomic characteristics and the incidence of diabetes ( 23 , 24 ). Until now, no study has investigated psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with medication awareness among DM patients using IFLS.…”

The Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Taping (NMT) And Foot Exercise in Improving Microsirculations in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…Diabetes mellitus is a disease marked chronic with abnormal glucose due to occur disorders of the pancreas (Nair, Tzanakakis, and Hebrok 2020). Data on the prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia in 2017 was ranked 10.3 million people (Indrahadi, Wardana, and Pierewan 2021). The highest prevalence in Indonesia is in DI Yogyakarta at 2.6%, DKI Jakarta at 2.5%, North Sulawesi at 2.4% and East Kalimantan at 2.3% (Amarta, O. R, Chalidyanto, D, and Laksono, A. L 2021).…”