The Potential for Infectious Disease Contamination During the Artificial Insemination Procedure in Swine

Pereira, E. C. M.; Júnior, Abelardo Silva; Costa, Eduardo Paulino da; Pereira, Carlos Eduardo

doi:10.5772/52337

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Since all the boars included in this study were healthy, fertile, and showed no signs of urogenital infection, we may speculate that the quantity as well as diversity of bacteria present in the samples could be associated with faults in semen collection and handling, as well as by differences between the animals in terms of the native characteristics of their ejaculates [ 4 ]. Furthermore, while such bacterial profiles would not have been a major concern under in vivo conditions, since only a short-term interaction between bacteria and spermatozoa occurs during the ejaculation process, this interplay may be prolonged during semen storage, and possibly lead to a “silent ejaculate infection” with detrimental effects on the sperm quality [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficiency of Selected Extenders against Bacterial Contamination of Boar Semen in a Swine Breeding Facility in Western Slovakia

Tvrdá

Bučko

Rojková

et al. 2021

Animals

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Bacteriospermia has become a serious factor affecting sperm quality in swine breeding, this is why antibiotics (ATBs) are a critical component of semen extenders. Due to ever-increasing antimicrobial resistance, the aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of selected commercially available semen extenders to prevent a possible bacterial contamination of boar ejaculates. Three Androstar Plus extenders containing different combinations of antibiotics were used to process ejaculates from 30 healthy Duroc breeding boars. Androstar Plus without antibiotics was used as a control. The extended samples were stored at 17 °C for 72 h. Sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, DNA integrity and oxidative profile of each extended sample were assessed following 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Furthermore, selective media were used to quantify the bacterial load and specific bacterial species were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The results indicate that semen extenders enriched with ATBs ensured a significantly higher preservation of the sperm quality in comparison to the ATB-free control. The total bacterial count was significantly decreased in the extenders supplemented with ATBs (p < 0.001), however gentamycin alone was not effective enough against Gram-positive bacteria, while a few colonies of Enterococcus hirae, Bacillus subtilis and Corynebacterium spp. were present in the samples extended in the presence of a triple combination of ATBs. In conclusion, we may suggest that semen extenders enriched in antibiotics were not able to fully eliminate the bacteria present in the studied samples. Furthermore, selection of suitable antibiotics for semen extension should be accompanied by adequate hygiene standards during the collection and handling of boar ejaculates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficiency of Selected Extenders against Bacterial Contamination of Boar Semen in a Swine Breeding Facility in Western Slovakia

Tvrdá

Bučko

Rojková

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The effects of bacteria on the sperm function have long been underestimated, mainly due to only a short-term interaction between these two cell types during the ejaculation process. Despite such short interaction time in vivo, previous reports have strongly emphasized a significant relationship between a “silent ejaculate infection” and a decreased semen quality [1,38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics Versus Natural Biomolecules: The Case of In Vitro Induced Bacteriospermia by Enterococcus Faecalis in Rabbit Semen

et al. 2019

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Male subfertility is a global issue in human reproduction as well as in animal reproduction. Bacterial infection and semen contamination are still widely overlooked. As the collection of ejaculates is not a sterile process, it is necessary to add antimicrobial agents to avoid a possible depreciation of semen samples. As traditionally used antibiotics have been questioned because of an ever-increasing bacterial resistance, natural bioactive molecules could offer an alternative because of their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. As such, we decided to compare the effects of selected natural biomolecules (resveratrol-RES, quercetin-QUE and curcumin-CUR) with routinely used antibiotics in animal biotechnologies (penicillin-PEN, gentamicin-GEN and kanamycin-KAN) on the rabbit sperm vitality in the presence of Enterococcus faecalis. Changes in the sperm structural integrity and functional activity were monitored at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was used for the assessment of spermatozoa motility. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated using chemiluminiscence, while the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was examined using the JC-1 dye. Finally, the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test was used to assess DNA fragmentation, and changes to the membrane integrity were evaluated with the help of annexin V/propidium iodide. The motility assessment revealed a significant sperm motility preservation following treatment with GEN (p < 0.001), followed by PEN and CUR (p < 0.01). QUE was the most capable substance to scavenge excessive ROS (p < 0.001) and to maintain ΔΨm (p < 0.01). The SCD assay revealed that the presence of bacteria and antibiotics significantly (p < 0.05) increased the DNA fragmentation. On the other hand, all bioactive compounds readily preserved the DNA integrity (p < 0.05). In contrast to the antibiotics, the natural biomolecules significantly maintained the sperm membrane integrity (p < 0.05). The microbiological analysis showed that GEN (p < 0.001), KAN (p < 0.001), PEN (p < 0.01) and CUR (p < 0.01) exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against E. faecalis. In conclusion, all selected biomolecules provided protection to rabbit spermatozoa against deleterious changes to their structure and function as a result of Enterococcus faecalis contamination. Therefore, administration of RES, QUE and/or CUR to rabbit semen extenders in combination with a carefully selected antibacterial substance may be desirable.

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“…Penggunaan oven, autoklaf dan sinar ultraviolet paling cocok untuk sterilisasi. Bahan-bahan yang umumnya dilakukan sterilisasi antara lain corong pengumpul dan gelas pengumpul dimana semen akan disimpan sebelum dilakukan pengenceran (Pereira et al, 2013) sehingga penularan penyakit melalui IB bisa ditanggulangi.…”

Section: Penyebaran Asf Melalui Organ Reproduksiunclassified

Review: Meningkatkan Populasi Ternak Babi Melalui Teknologi Reproduksi Pasca African Swine Fever

Rinca¹

2022

JJAS

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The purpose of writing this review is to determine the role of reproductive technology in increasing the population of pigs after the African Swine Fever (ASF) outbreak. The method used in writing this review is to search for published research articles using Google search and Science direct with the keywords African swine fever and Artificial Insemination (AI). The results of this review show that ASF can reduce the population due to the high mortality rate, ASF can be transmitted through the reproductive organs but this can be overcome by utilizing IB reproductive technology. In addition, AI reproductive technology is also one of the reproductive technologies that can be used to increase the livestock population after the ASF outbreak. Based on the review, it can be ensured that artificial insemination reproductive technology is able to prevent ASF transmission and increase livestock populations after the ASF outbreak.

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The Potential for Infectious Disease Contamination During the Artificial Insemination Procedure in Swine

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

The Efficiency of Selected Extenders against Bacterial Contamination of Boar Semen in a Swine Breeding Facility in Western Slovakia

The Efficiency of Selected Extenders against Bacterial Contamination of Boar Semen in a Swine Breeding Facility in Western Slovakia

Antibiotics Versus Natural Biomolecules: The Case of In Vitro Induced Bacteriospermia by Enterococcus Faecalis in Rabbit Semen

Review: Meningkatkan Populasi Ternak Babi Melalui Teknologi Reproduksi Pasca African Swine Fever

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