The phenolic content, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Origanum sipyleum from Turkey

Abstract

Origanum sipyleum is a medicinal plant species belonging to the genus Origanum and traditionally vegetative parts of this plant have been used as medicinal tea or food additives. The current study has been designed to examine the antioxidant, cytotoxic activities and total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents as well as the chemical composition of the ethanol extract of O. sipyleum. The antioxidant capacity of O. sipyleum was determined using six complementary methods, β-carotene/linoleic acid and phosphomolybdenum test systems, radical scavenging (ABTS and DPPH), metal chelating and reducing power assays. The phenolics were identified using HPLC. A brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality test was used for determining cytotoxic activity. The ethanol extract exhibited high DPPH free radical scavenging (DPPH, IC50:102.75 µg/mL), ABTS radical scavenging (ABTS, IC50:88.64 µg/mL), metal chelating (20.68 %) and reducing power capacity (0.51 mg/mL). The antioxidant activities of the O. sipyleum with β-carotene/Linoleic acid and phosphomolybdenum were calculated as 85.59 % and 62.95 µg/mg respectively. The phenolic contents of the ethanol extract were evaluated using HPLC and determined major phenolics: caffeic acid, epicatechin and 2,5 dihydroxybenzoic. Furthermore, to gether with cytotoxic activity (LC50, 327.414 µg/mL) O. sipyleum is also rich in total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents were 203.57 ± 4.62 mgGAE/g, 46.98 ± 0.34 mgQE/g and 34.55 ± 0.56 mgCE/g respectively. These results could provide addition information for the potential use of this medicinal plant as a food ingredient and as a natural antioxidant in the diet, as well as for the pharmaceutical industry.

Antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities of different parts of Cyclamen cilicium

“…In the study of tuber and leaves of Cyclamen graecum Link. with methanol, ethanol, acetone and petroleum ether extract, the highest phenolic contents were found in the ethanol extract of the leaf part with 33.73 ± 0.69 µg PEs/mg-extract and found the lowest phenolic contents in the petroleum ether extract of the tuber part with 6.18 ± 0.04 µg PEs/mg-extract [24]. In the study with C. alpinum, ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts of tuber and leaf parts were used and the highest phenolic contents were found in the ethanol extract of the leaf part with 8.95 ± 0.17 mg GAE/g [27].…”

“…Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of plant products cannot be performed accurately by any method due to the complex nature of phytochemicals, as there are too many types of compounds in plant structure. Several antioxidant analyses must be performed, these antioxidant analysismust be corroborated with each other and supported by analyses of total phenols, flavonoids and tannins [24]. The in vitro antioxidant activities with acetone, methanol, and water solvents of C. cilicium were determined by a series of assays including scavenging (DPPH, ABTS), determination of contents (total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin contents) and anti-proliferative activity by XTT analysis.…”

Endemik Mor Mercan (Origanum sipyleum L.) Bitkisinin In Vitro Çoğaltımı

“…Ülkemizde 'kekik, merzengüş, mercanköşk' olarak bilinen Origanum spp. 'nin antioksidan, antikanserojen, sitotoksik, antibakteriyel, antidiyabetik, antifungal, antiviral, insektisidal gibi birçok etkisinin olduğu ve eski tarihlerden beri tıpta kullanıldığı birçok bilimsel çalışmada bildirilmektedir (Nakipoğlu ve ark., 2007;Karaoğlan, 2011;Puškárová ve ark., 2017;Kaska, 2018;Zhou ve ark., 2021). Origanum türleri arasında yer alan, halk arasında "Mor mercan" ismi ile de tanınan spil kekiği Origanum sipyleum L., gösterişli çiçeklere sahip endemik bir türümüzdür.…”

“…Origanum sipyleum'un çiçekleri geleneksel olarak çay yapımında, vejetatif kısmı ise yemeklerde kullanılır. Fenolik, flavonoid ve tanen bileşiklerince zengin ve doğal bir antioksidan kaynağıdır (Kaska, 2018).…”