“…Incorporation of a single dopant in an average sized CdSe QD (10 19 –10 20 /cm –3 ) will result in doping levels significantly higher than those observed in bulk semiconductors (10 13 –10 18 /cm –3 ). According to the Moss–Burstein effect, , heavily doped n-type CdSe particles are expected to show a blue shift in the optical absorption spectrum because of the Pauli Exclusion Principle. At room temperature, the dopant levels in QDs are not expected to produce a significant amount of free electrons to the conduction band as easily as in bulk because of the quantum-confined energy shift and the reduced density of states.…”