The Mechanical Properties and Biometrical Effect of 3D Preformed Titanium Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration on Alveolar Bone Defect

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of three-dimensional preformed titanium membrane (3D-PFTM) to enhance mechanical properties and ability of bone regeneration on the peri-implant bone defect. 3D-PFTMs by new mechanically compressive molding technology and manually shaped- (MS-) PFTMs by hand manipulation were applied in artificial peri-implant bone defect model for static compressive load test and cyclic fatigue load test. In 12 implants installed in the mandibular of three beagle dogs, six 3D-PFTMs, and six collagen membranes (CM) randomly were applied to 2.5 mm peri-implant buccal bone defect with particulate bone graft materials for guided bone regeneration (GBR). The 3D-PFTM group showed about 7.4 times higher mechanical stiffness and 5 times higher fatigue resistance than the MS-PFTM group. The levels of the new bone area (NBA, %), the bone-to-implant contact (BIC, %), distance from the new bone to the old bone (NB-OB, %), and distance from the osseointegration to the old bone (OI-OB, %) were significantly higher in the 3D-PFTM group than the CM group (p < .001). It was verified that the 3D-PFTM increased mechanical properties which were effective in supporting the space maintenance ability and stabilizing the particulate bone grafts, which led to highly efficient bone regeneration.

Bone Augmentation of Peri-Implant Dehiscence Defects Using Multilaminated Small Intestinal Submucosa as a Barrier Membrane: An Experimental Study in Dogs

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply the mSIS membrane for treatment of this type of peri-implant dehiscence defect. As in previous studies that have used a similar protocol in a canine peri-implant defect model [22,23], new bone formation was consistent in the mSIS and BG groups in our study, indicating that the bone defect model we established is a valid experimental model.…”

“…In this study, the bone-to-implant contacts of the defect area in the mSIS and BG groups were 33.30% and 39.19%, respectively; these values were not significantly different. A previous study that used a similar bone defect model obtained 40.22% bone-to-implant contact at 8 weeks after bone augmentation [22]. Another study reported a 36.25% bone-to-implant contact at 16 weeks after application of the collagen membrane combined with the bone graft material [19]; our results are consistent with those findings.…”

Synthetic Scaffold/Dental Pulp Stem Cell (DPSC) Tissue Engineering Constructs for Bone Defect Treatment: An Animal Studies Literature Review

“…The advantage related to scaffold use is determined by the physical space-maintainig capability of the regenerative area, the sustaining of the three-dimensional structure, and the support of the healing processes through the growth factor and host cellular osteogenic response [ 97 , 98 ].…”

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Simultaneous Alveolar Ridge Augmentation by Means of Preformed Titanium Meshes at Dehiscence-Type Peri-Implant Defects: A Prospective Pilot Study

“…This differed from the present study and may constitute a variable, as no resorbable membranes were used over the grids. In this regard, a focused animal study evaluated the effect of collagen membranes laid over preformed titanium meshes connected to the implants in case of implantation and simultaneous GBR [23]. Data from the histological analysis rejected additional benefit for mucosal healing and buccal bone preservation when collagen membranes were used to overlay the titanium meshes.…”