The larynx as an immunological organ: immunological architecture in the pig as a large animal model

Barker, Emi; Haverson, Karin; Stokes, C.R.; Birchall, MA; Bailey, Mick

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02950.x

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Furthermore, the activation status of these cells changed following reperfusion. Dendrites from this area stretch through the epithelium and are likely to contact the superficial mucosal layer that also contains some elements of the bacterial flora6. Similarly to the observations in pigs, a dense population of DC is present in the human laryngeal epithelium11.…”

Section: Haemopoietic Cells In the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Cell types identified in the laryngeal mucosa and associated with changes in challenge states in adult mammals include macrophages, DC, T and B lymophocytes and NK cells, as well as granulocytes and macrophages6, 13–15. Highly organized lymphoid collections, similar to Peyer’s patches (laryngeal associated lymphoid tissue, LALT)16–19 have been identified by post-mortem serial section studies in 80% of persons younger than 20 years of age and 56% of persons older16, 18.…”

Section: Haemopoietic Cells In the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence supporting a distinct immunological role for the larynx6. The larynx represents the crossroads between the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems, and is the junction between the IgA-dominated upper and IgG-dominated lower airways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx

et al. 2009

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The larynx sits at the crossroads between gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Besides its intrinsic importance in breathing, swallowing and voice production, the larynx is also exposed to unique immunological challenges. Given the propensity of chronic inflammatory conditions such as chronic laryngitis, which affects up to 20% of Western populations, it is perhaps surprising that our understanding of the immunology of this organ remains relatively limited. However, recent work on the immunological architecture of the laryngeal mucosa, and its changes that result from external challenges and inflammatory conditions, provided valuable insight into the fascinating immunology of this organ. The lessons learnt from these investigations may go beyond devising improved therapy for chronic laryngeal inflammation. Establishing whether and how the laryngeal mucosa may be involved in the modulation of wider mucosal responses may provide novel routes to the treatment of other inflammatory diseases of the respiratory and alimentary tracts such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Haemopoietic Cells In the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Haemopoietic Cells In the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx

et al. 2009

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“…Contudo, é provável que esta ocorrência apareça também em outros mamíferos. De todo modo, estudos em suínos comprovaram que a laringe contém importantes estruturas linfoides que exercem vigilância imunológica e reconhecimento de antígenos locais (Barker et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Morfologia da laringe em Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766)

et al. 2016

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Resumo: Cerdocyon thous (cachorro-do-mato) é o canídeo silvestre mais comum em território sul-americano. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho descrever a morfologia macroscópica, microscópica e comparada da laringe nesta espécie. Para tal, as laringes de dezesseis espécimes (quatro machos e doze fêmeas) foram analisadas quanto à topografia, forma, morfometria, musculatura intrínseca e histologia. A laringe dispôs-se ventralmente ao áxis e foi constituída por uma cartilagem tireoide e outra cricoide (hialinas), uma epiglótica (elástica) e um par de ariteoides (mistas). Um par de cartilagens sesamoides foi identificado entre os processos corniculados e a lâmina da cricoide. A morfometria revelou que a tireoide é a maior cartilagem. Não houve sinais definitivos de dimorfismo sexual na laringe de C. thous. O epitélio predominante foi do tipo pavimentoso estratificado o qual sofreu transição para pseudoestratificado cilíndrico ciliado ao nível do terço caudal da tireoide e rostral da cricoide. A laringe de C. thous mostrou semelhança com a do cão doméstico, ainda que o formato das cartilagens tenha apresentado diferenças.

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“…There is an increasing perception that the pig presents a number of advantages as a pre-clinical, translational model for humans [9][10][11][12]. Like humans, the pig is a large, monogastric omnivore with highly comparable intestinal anatomy, physiology and nutritional requirements [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rearing environment affects development of the immune system in neonates

Inman

Haverson

Konstantinov

et al. 2010

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryEarly-life exposure to appropriate microbial flora drives expansion and development of an efficient immune system. Aberrant development results in increased likelihood of allergic disease or increased susceptibility to infection. Thus, factors affecting microbial colonization may also affect the direction of immune responses in later life. There is a need for a manipulable animal model of environmental influences on the development of microbiota and the immune system during early life. We assessed the effects of rearing under low-(farm, sow) and high-hygiene (isolator, milk formula) conditions on intestinal microbiota and immune development in neonatal piglets, because they can be removed from the mother in the first 24 h for rearing under controlled conditions and, due to placental structure, neither antibody nor antigen is transferred in utero. Microbiota in both groups was similar between 2 and 5 days. However, by 12-28 days, piglets reared on the mother had more diverse flora than siblings reared in isolators. Dendritic cells accumulated in the intestinal mucosa in both groups, but more rapidly in isolator piglets. Importantly, the minority of 2-5-day-old farm piglets whose microbiota resembled that of an older (12-28-day-old) pig also accumulated dendritic cells earlier than the other farm-reared piglets. Consistent with dendritic cell control of T cell function, the effects on T cells occurred at later time-points, and mucosal T cells from high-hygiene, isolator pigs made less interleukin (IL)-4 while systemic T cells made more IL-2. Neonatal piglets may be a valuable model for studies of the effects of interaction between microbiota and immune development on allergy.

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The larynx as an immunological organ: immunological architecture in the pig as a large animal model

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx

At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx

Morfologia da laringe em Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766)

Rearing environment affects development of the immune system in neonates

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