“…The analysis of these variables in a holistic way was focused on in these studies (Rosa et al , 2019; Sacchi Homrich et al , 2017; Stahel, 2010; Urbinati et al , 2017). Others focused on variants of this philosophy: recycle, reuse, repair remanufacture (4R) (Carpenter et al , 2018; Cooper et al , 2017), sustainability and sustainable (Godoi Gonzalez, 2013; Prieto-Sandoval et al , 2017), ecology (Stahel and Reday, 1976), the production of goods and services from waste of raw materials (Saavedra et al , 2017), the cycle of nature and production (Fang et al , 2017), the economic circle (efficiency and profitability), alternative energy, waste and water, the closed cycle value chain (Yang et al , 2019), business models, water and waste systems (Ferreira et al , 2017), innovation and environmental impacts (Shen et al , 2020), gas emission, change in customer perspective, added value to products and services (García-Alcaraz et al , 2020), sustainable markets, natural resources, culture and ways of learning (Moktadir et al , 2018) and reverse and green logistics (Wang et al , 2018).…”