The hormonal costs of subtle forms of infant maltreatment

Bugental, Daphne Blunt; Martorell, Gabriela A.; Barraza, Verónica Guadalupe Jiménez

doi:10.1016/s0018-506x(02)00008-9

Cited by 184 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Abuse victims have demonstrated abnormalities of the HPA response. [14][15][16][17][18] These observations underscore the premise that the exaggerated behavioral responses seen in complex PTSD have strong-and durable-anatomical and physiological underpinnings. Indeed, complex traumatic stress suffered early in life may be thought of as having both behavioral and developmental consequences.…”

Section: When Traumatic Stress Will Not Go Awaymentioning

confidence: 78%

Understanding the Behavioral and Emotional Consequences of Child Abuse

Stirling¹,

Amaya-Jackson²

2008

Pediatrics

116

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Children who have suffered early abuse or neglect may later present with significant behavior problems including emotional instability, depression, and a tendency to be aggressive or violent with others. Troublesome behaviors may persist long after the abusive or neglectful environment has changed or the child has been in foster care placement. Neurobiological research has shown that early abuse results in an altered physiological response to stressful stimuli, a response that deleteriously affects the child's subsequent socialization. Pediatricians can assist caregivers by helping them recognize the abused or neglected child's altered responses, formulate more effective coping strategies, and mobilize available community resources.

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Section: When Traumatic Stress Will Not Go Awaymentioning

confidence: 78%

Understanding the Behavioral and Emotional Consequences of Child Abuse

Stirling¹,

Amaya-Jackson²

2008

Pediatrics

116

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“…In terms of psychological health, corporal punishment of children predisposes to aggression, delinquency and conjugal violence later in life [8], antisocial behavior [9], anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse or dependence, externalization problems [10], psychopathologies in adulthood such as depression, mania, personality disorders [11], suicide [12], disruption of the mechanisms of regulation of stress in the brain [13], and elevation of the level of cortisol [14]. Corporal punishment negatively affects the internalization of moral values by the child and his relationship with his parents [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporal punishment of children: discipline or abuse?

Eid

Marianne

Rabbaa

et al. 2018

Libyan Journal of Medicine

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Introduction: Corporal punishment is a public health problem due to its impact on the physical, psychological, and social interactions of children.Objectives: To determine the knowledge of pediatricians in Lebanon regarding corporal punishment, their preventive, educational, and legal role.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 153 pediatricians in Lebanon, by a questionnaire distributed at the 12th Annual Congress of the Lebanese Pediatric Society and the North Lebanon Pediatric Society.Results: Less than 50% and less then 60% of pediatricians know the effects of physical punishment on the physical and psychic health of the child, respectively. About 74.2% and 23.2% of pediatricians disagree with Article186 of the Lebanese Criminal Code and Lebanese Law422/02 (Article25), respectively. Only 76.2% of Lebanese pediatricians always advise the abandonment of corporal punishment and 4.7% advise its use for discipline.Conclusion: Pediatricians play a fundamental role in the abolition of corporal punishment, but this cannot be accomplished without improving their skills in this area. They are invited to seek legal reforms in Lebanon to abolish the use of corporal punishment as a means of disciplining children.

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“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Infants experiencing frequent physical punishment have been shown to have high hormonal reactivity to stress. 25 It could be that children experience cumulative exposure to physical punishment as psychologically and physically stressful, which is the case for child maltreatment. 26 As outlined by Shonkoff and colleagues, 26 chronic adult illness associated with cumulative exposure to adversity is thought to activate stress management systems in the brain that result in a broad range of responses, including secretion of stress hormones and higher heart rate and blood pressure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harsh Physical Punishment in Childhood and Adult Physical Health

et al. 2013

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BACKGROUND: The use of physical punishment is controversial. No studies have comprehensively examined the relationship between physical punishment and several physical health conditions in a nationally representative sample. The current study investigated possible associations between harsh physical punishment (ie, pushing, grabbing, shoving, slapping, and hitting) in the absence of more severe child maltreatment (ie, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, and exposure to intimate partner violence) and several physical health conditions. METHODS: Data were from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions collected in 2004 and 2005 (n = 34 226 in the current analysis). The survey was conducted with a representative US adult population sample (20 years or older). Eight past year physical health condition categories were assessed. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic variables, family history of dysfunction, and Axis I and II mental disorders. RESULTS: Harsh physical punishment was associated with higher odds of cardiovascular disease (borderline significance), arthritis, and obesity after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, family history of dysfunction, and Axis I and II mental disorders (adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.20 to 1.30). CONCLUSIONS: Harsh physical punishment in the absence of child maltreatment is associated with some physical health conditions in a general population sample. These findings inform the ongoing debate around the use of physical punishment and provide evidence that harsh physical punishment independent of child maltreatment is associated with a higher likelihood of physical health conditions.

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The hormonal costs of subtle forms of infant maltreatment

Cited by 184 publications

References 36 publications

Understanding the Behavioral and Emotional Consequences of Child Abuse

Understanding the Behavioral and Emotional Consequences of Child Abuse

Corporal punishment of children: discipline or abuse?

Harsh Physical Punishment in Childhood and Adult Physical Health

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