The Genus Trollius—Review of Pharmacological and Chemical Research

Abstract

Three species of the genus Trollius (Ranunculaceae) are traditionally used to treat upper respiratory tract infections, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, cold with fever, acute tympanitis, aphthae, mouth sore, hemorrhage and pain of gums, acute lymphangitis and acute periostitis. However, only a few studies support its traditional use. These are studies of the biological activity of extracts and/or compounds of selected species of Trollius, but there are no clinical studies proving the effectiveness or possible toxic effects. Until now, the following activity of extracts and/or compounds from certain species of Trollius used in traditional medicine has been proven: antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant. The review showed that flavonoids, mainly C-glycosides, were characteristic of the species Trollius. Furthermore, other main groups of compounds are carotenoids, organic acids, terpenes, alkaloids, sterols, lactones and carbohydrates. The essential oil mainly contains compounds from the group of benzenoids, nitrogen-containing compounds, monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, irregular terpenes and macrocyclic epoxide.

Extensive Profiling of Polyphenols from Two Trollius Species Using a Combination of Untargeted and Targeted Approaches

“…For example, isochlorogenic acid C, which exhibits a broad-spectrum antiviral potency against coxsackievirus [24] and human immunodeficiency virus [25], was more than 2000-fold higher in T. chinensis than in T. ledebouri (Figure 3). These findings aligned with our hypothesis that different Trollius species may have different therapeutic potential resulting from their disparate composition of bioactive constituents [2,8,26].…”

“…Moreover, orientin displayed higher antitumor effects than vitexin. In another study, the extract from T. chinensis displayed a strong inhibitory effect on proliferation of human gastric carcinoma cells, human melanoma cells, and two different cell lines of human breast adenocarcinoma [8,9].…”

Molecular and Structural Characterization of a Promiscuous C‐Glycosyltransferase from Trollius chinensis

“…Its flowers are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine due to its antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory,a ntioxidant, and anticancer activities. [13] Flavone C-glycosides,i ncluding vitexin (1a)a nd orientin (2a), are its major bioactive compounds, [14] indicating the existence of CGTs in this plant. Nevertheless,n oC GTs have been reported to directly synthesize flavone 8-C-glycosides.…”

Herbal drink formulation optimization of Trollius chinensis Bunge by sensory fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

“…The dry flowers of T. chinensis Bunge are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat upper respiratory tract diseases, such as pharyngitis, bronchitis and tonsillitis etc. (Guo et al, 2017;Witkowska-Banaszczak, 2015). Many studies have also proved that the dry flower of T. chinensis Bunge exhibits significant antioxidant and antibacterial activities (Liu et al, 2013;Lu et al, 2014).…”