The efficacy of probiotics for monosodium glutamate-induced obesity: dietology concerns and opportunities for prevention

Abstract

IntroductionObesity becomes endemic today. Monosodium glutamate was proved as obesogenic food additive. Probiotics are discussed to impact on obesity development.Aims and objectivesThe aim was to study the effects of probiotics on the development of monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity in rats.Material and methodsWe included 45 Wistar male rats and divided into three groups (n = 15). Newborn rats of group 1 (control) received subcutaneously 8 μl/g saline. Group 2 received 3 to 4 mg/g MSG subcutaneously on the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth day of life. Within 4 months after birth, rats were on a standard diet. Group 3 received an aqueous solution of probiotics mixture (2:1:1 Lactobacillus casei IMVB-7280, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, B. animalis VKB) at the dose of 5 × 109 CFU/kg (50 mg/kg) intragastrically. Administration of probiotics was started at the age of 4 weeks just after weaning and continued for 3 months during 2-week courses. Group 2 received intragastrically 2.5 ml/kg water. Organometric and biochemical parameters in all groups of rats were analyzed over 4 months. The concentration of adiponectin was determined in serum, and leptin - in adipose tissue.ResultsAdministration of MSG led to the development of obesity in rats; body weight had increased by 7.9% vs controls (p < 0.05); body length had increased by 5.4% (p < 0.05). Body mass index and Lee index and visceral fat mass had increased (p < 0.001). Under the neonatal injection of MSG, the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol significantly increased (p < 0.001), in comparison with controls. Adipose-derived hormones changed in MSG obesity rats: adiponectin decreased by 58.8% (p < 0.01), and leptin concentration in adipose tissue had increased by 74.7% (p < 0.01). The probiotic therapy of rats from group 3 prevented obesity development. Parameters of rats treated with probiotic mixture did not differ from that in the control.ConclusionsThe introduction of MSG to newborn rats caused the obesity in adulthood. Periodic administration of probiotic mixture to rat injected with MSG neonatally resulted in recovery of lipid metabolism and prevention of the obesity development.

Probiotic strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria alter pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines production in rats with monosodium glutamate-induced obesity

“…It was found that the IL-1β, which is primed by high-fat diet (HFD) and is cleaved through the NLRP3 inflammasome complex [21,22], and which production in fat tissue is associated with the TLR4 receptor and nuclear factor-κB activation [23,24], directly influences the peripheral insulin resistance and type II diabetes [20,25,21,26,22]. In our study, glucose and insulin levels in blood serum, and HOMA insulin resistance index [16], as well as IL-1β and IL-12Br40 production were also increased in rats with MSG-induced obesity comparing with intact rats.…”

Efficacy of nanoceria for periodontal tissues alteration in glutamate-induced obese rats—multidisciplinary considerations for personalized dentistry and prevention

“…The animals were divided into the following four groups: I-intact control (4-month rat) newborn rats; group II subcutaneously in a volume of 4 mg/g MSG administered at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 day life; group III-intragastric administration of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide [21] at a dose of 1 mg/kg volume of 2.9 ml/kg against the background of glutamate-induced obesity, the fourth group of animals treated with a solution of sodium citrate intragastrically in volume of 2.9 ml/kg (solvent of nanocrystalline cerium). Introduction of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide solution starting from 4 weeks after birth (after weaning from the mother) and continued intermittently 2-week course in 2 weeks.…”

“…Four-month-old animals were decapitated, removed and weighed visceral fat was measured. Body length was measured; body mass index (BMI) (the ratio of body weight (g) of rats to the square of the body length (cm 2 )) and Lee obesity index (the ratio of 1/4 of cube root of body weight (g) to body nose-to-anus length (cm)) were calculated as in [21]. Soft periodontal tissues of rats were excised, minced, treated with collagenase, homogenized, and centrifuged.…”

“…Obesogenic properties of monosodium glutamate were studied for decades [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Recently, we have studied monosodium glutamate-induced obesity and concluded that the introduction of MSG to newborn rats may cause the obesity in adulthood [21], and also studied the salivary glands abnormalities related to MSGinduced obesity [22,23], and discussed the related concerns for modern nutrition and suggested opportunities for prevention via periodic probiotic mixture administration [21].…”

“…Translation of obtained results to human organism is quite a challenge [11,21,31,32] and may allow to consider consumption of the products containing MSG, especially in early age, as a predictive value for obesity and metabolic syndrome development. Developing the panel of obesity assessment biomarkers is an important point.…”