Background Nowadays, we face the global epidemic of obesity, that is known to contribute to the development of many diseases, such as the oral cavity pathologies. Dental and oral pathologies are frequently caused by and overlapped with systemic multifactorial diseases such as obesity being its early indicators and risk factors.The aim was to study the influence of nanoceria on periodontal tissues alteration in glutamate (MSG)-induced obese rats. Methods We included 52 Wistar rats of both genders and divided into four groups: newborn rats in group 1 (control) received subcutaneously 8 μl/g saline. Group 2 received 3 to 4 mg/g MSG subcutaneously on the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth day of life; group 3-intragastric administration of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide at a dose of 1 mg/kg volume of 2.9 ml/kg against the background of glutamateinduced obesity; the fourth group of animals was treated with a solution of sodium citrate intragastric volume of 2.9 ml/kg (solvent of nanocrystalline cerium). We determined the total proteolytic activity, the total antitrypsin activity, the contentfree fucose and glycosaminoglycanes (GAG), content of TBA-active of products, the content of oxidation-modified proteins (OMB), and catalase activity in the homogenate of soft periodontal tissues of rats. Results Intragastric injection of nanoceria prevents activation of proteolytic processes, reducing the catabolism of glycoproteins and proteoglycans of periodontal tissue in MSG-induced obese rats. Injection of nanoceria prevents activation of proteolytic processes, significantly decreases the total proteolytic activity, and inhibits the activation of free radical oxidation in periodontal tissues of rats compared with MSG-induced obesity model without corrections. Further, it significantly increases the total antitrypsin activity in periodontal tissues by 1.7 times, TBA-reagents by 1.7 times, and content of OMB by 1.4 times compared with glutamate-induced obese animals.
In the past two decades, the world has seen a sustained increase in obesity, and the levels of overweight and obese persons worldwide have reached epidemic proportions. It is well established that obesity induces all major metabolic disorders, especially diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and fatty liver disease. Obesity is one of the urgent medical concerns that mainly associated with low physical activity, the growth of high caloric feeding as well as the uncontrolled use of food additives, especially monosodium glutamate. There is a close relation between obesity and oral health. Obesity is associated with hypo salivation and thereby related to several aspects of oral health. However, pathological mechanisms involved in the impact of obesity to salivary glands are not fully established. On experimental model of obesity induced by monosodium glutamate metabolic changes were studied in the tissues of salivary glands of rats. Administration of monosodium glutamate in the neonatal period leads to the development of obesity in four-month-old rats. Under monosodium glutamate-induced-obesity there are metabolic changes in salivary glands of rats such as marked elevation in the activity of NО-synthase and the maintenance of nitrites, significant decrease of activity of ornithine decarboxylase and α-amylase, increasing activity of general proteinases and significant decreasing of general proteinases inhibitors maintenance, significant increase of oxidative modified proteins. Conclusion: Under experimental obesity induced by monosodium glutamate pathological changes in salivary glands tissues appear such as intensification of free-radical oxidation, misbalance of proteolysis by decompensated type, decreased protein synthesis function, misbalance of polyamines and NO-ergic systems.
Chronic stress promoted disintegration of collagen and non-collagen proteins in the periodontal bone tissue, which depended on typological characteristics of animals. Stress-predisposed animals were characterized by most pronounced disturbances.
Glutapyrone belonging to a new type of amino acid-containing 1,4-dihydropyridines produced a protective effect on periodontal tissues and gastric mucosa in rats with different resistance to stress during acute emotional and pain stress.
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