The effects of aerobic exercise on the pregnant woman, fetus, and pregnancy outcome A review

Prospective examination of the Theory of Planned Behavior applied to exercise behavior during women's first trimester of pregnancy

“…In regard to the psychological benefits of exercise, the few existing studies have found that exercising during pregnancy is associated with improvements in self-esteem (Koniak-Griffin, 1994) and body image (Marquez-Sterling et al, 2000;Wallace et al, 1986;Wallace & Engstrom, 1987), and decreases in depression (Koniak-Griffin; Labbe et al, 1988) and anxiety (Hayden & Allen, 1984). Thus, exercise is a valuable method for managing the physical and psychological challenges of pregnancy.…”

Comparação do índice de esforço percebido e consumo de oxigênio em exercício em cicloergômetro entre gestantes e não-gestantes e entre o exercício aquático e terrestre

“…This control was performed with the aim to avoid interference in the collected variables. Moreover, the participants were familiarized with the Borg's scale (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

“…Many authors recommend that pregnant women remain exercising at the same effort intensity from before pregnancy [4][5][6] . However, this statement is questioned by some authors who state that during pregnancy many physiological variables are altered and this fact may alter their perceived exertion to exercise [7][8][9] .…”

‘Working out’ for two: performances of ‘fitness’ and femininity in Australian prenatal aerobics classes

“…For instance, the growth of the prenatal fitness industry in this article highlights the primacy of 'fitness' in shaping Australian experiences of pregnancy. The majority of the studies examining exercise in pregnancy, however, have concerned the risks of weight gain or the physical effects of prenatal exercise (see Wallace and Engstrom 1987;Brown 2002). In a study of prenatal activity levels in New Zealand women, Watson and McDonald (2007) found that inactivity in early pregnancy was a predictor of increased maternal weight gain and premature delivery.…”