Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of heart rate (HR) throughout gestation, before, during, and after the exercise in water, as well as the behavior of blood pressure (BP) before and after the same exercise. Methods: The sample was composed of seven pregnant women. The HR was measured in three moments: 1) in radial artery, in 15 seconds, with the women sitting; 2) after 20 to 30 minutes the beginning of exercise, which was performed varying from 13 to 14 based on the subject's perceived exertion (Borg's 6-20 scale), with women standing in a pool, with water at the level of their xiphoid process; 3) approximately 20 minutes after the end of the session, with women sitting. The measurement of BP was performed before and after exercise in the same conditions described above. Measurements were taken once a week throughout the gestational period. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA for repeated measures and the Bonferroni test were used, with p < 0.05 (SPSS version 11.0). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the end of gestational trimesters and measurement conditions of variables evaluated. Conclusion: We conclude that pregnants that practice water exercises presented a constant behavior of HR and BP during the gestational period. That can probably evidence a water training effect in this population.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the differences in ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) behavior during water and land-based exercise, performed in the exercise intensity of the first ventilatory threshold between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Seven pregnant (gestational ages between the 27th and 30th week) and seven non-pregnant women performed two continuous cycle ergometer tests (water and land-based) at the first ventilatory threshold intensity. During all sessions, respiratory gases were collected with a portable AEROSPORT KB1-C mixing box gas analyzer. A pneumotach was used with a neoprene mask. Heart rate (HR) measurements were obtained with a POLAR F1. Data were collected every 20s. RPE on Borg scale from 6 to 20 was derived at the end of the exercise. One-way ANOVA was applied for repeated measures using the post-hoc Bonferroni test (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in VO 2 or RPE when comparing water with land-based exercise. In the same way, no significant difference was found between pregnant and non-pregnant subjects. We suggest that RPE can be used for water and land-based exercise prescription on cycle ergometer at the intensity of first ventilatory threshold, for both pregnant and non-pregnant women.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of applying low-intensity He-Ne laser irradiation as part of a complex system of anesthetic care of patients during invasive surgery. The following technique of intravenous low-intensity laser irradiation (i.v. LILI) was used. A filament of He-Ne laser was introduced through the subclavian venous line into the ostium of the vena cava superior. The power output was 20 mV, the exposure period 30 minutes. The irradiation began 10-15 minutes before anesthesia was introduced. In some cases, a second session was required. The 61 patients enrolled in the study were divided into a study group of patients who were irradiated and into a control group of patients who did not receive i.v. LILI. It was shown that i.v. LILI decreases neuroautonomous strain on the patient. Under the influence of i.v. LILI the P 50 appears to increase, the index of tissue oxygen extraction does not change, and the data of the acid base balance tend to improve. Low plasma levels of 11 oxycorticosteroids and the plasma content of 5-HTA and histamine as well as moderate changes in plasma enzyme activity confirm the efficacy of protecting patients from surgical trauma by application of i.v. LILI.
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