The Effect of Dietary Intake and Social Economic Factors on the Risk of Stunting in Primary School Children in Surakarta, Central Java

Abstract

Background: Globally it was estimated approximately 156 millions (23%) children are stunted. The prevalence of stunting in children is 29% in Indonesia, which is the highest rate in South East-Asian countries. Stunting may cause delayed mental development and low intellectual capacity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary intake and social economic factors on the risk of stunting in primary school children in Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects and Method:This was an analytic observational study using cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Surakarta, Central Java, from February to March 2017. A sample of 145 primary school children was selected for this study by multi-stage random sampling. The independent variables were energy intake, protein intake, maternal education, maternal employment status, and family income. The dependent variable was stunting. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and antropometry. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: Stunting was affected by energy intake (b= 0.02; SE<0.01; p<0.001), protein intake (b= 0.02; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), maternal education (b= 0.23; SE= 0.18; p= 0.187), family income (b= 0.01; SE= 0.01; p= 0.051). Energy intake was affected by maternal education (b=9.56; SE=32.55; p=0.770), and family income (b=1.81; SE=0.91; p=0.005). Protein intake was affected by maternal education (b=1.75; SE=2.67; p=0.051), maternal employment status (b=-2.30; SE=2.36; p=0.330), and family income (b=0.12; SE=0.08; p=0.110).

Multilevel Analysis Association of Soil Transmitted Helminths and Stunting in Children Aged 6-12 Years Old in Pinrang District, South Sulawesi

“…In this study, it is known that children aged 6-12 years with mothers with low education cause the incidence of stunting. This is in line with research conducted by Utami et al (2017) which showed that there is an indirect effect of maternal edu-cation on the incidence of stunting, maternal education affects protein intake and energy intake which indirectly affects stunting status. The majority of mothers have tertiary education, namely high school and tertiary education, but mothers with higher education levels are not always knowledgeable, because knowledge is not only obtained from formal education but also from non-formal education (Senbanjo et al 2011).…”

Soil-Transmitted Helminthes Infection and Nutritional Status of Elementary School Children in Sorong District, West Papua, Indonesi

“…A study in Surakarta showed that school-age children with stunting were influenced by their poor energy and protein intake. These intakes were signifi cantly related to the level of education and occupations of their mother and family income 38 . The prevalence of undernutrition in children from low socioeconomic family was found to be higher than those from middle-to upper-socio-economic family (42.3% vs 19.28%) 39 .…”

Kebijakan Intervensi Penanganan Stunting Terintegrasi

“…Ada studi yangmenunjukkan bahwa kejadian stunting dipengaruhi oleh asupan energi, asupan protein, pendapatan keluarga. Asupan protein dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan ibu, dan pendapatan keluarga (Utami, Indarto, & Dewi, 2017).…”