The effect of a combination of propolis extract and bovine bone graft on the quantity of fibroblasts, osteoblasts and osteoclasts in tooth extraction sockets

Abstract

Background: Tooth extraction is a procedure frequently performed in the field of dentistry that can cause alveolar bone resorption during the healing process. Therefore, preservation of sockets is necessary to maintain alveolar bone which represents one of the important factors in the successful manufacture of dentures. A combination of propolis extract and bovine bone graft (BBG) can accelerate bone regeneration. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a combination of propolis extract and BBG on the quantity of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts in the tooth extraction socket. Methods: 56 Cavia cobaya were divided into eight groups. The lower left incisor of each subject was extracted and induced with polyethylene glycol (PEG), propolis extract + PEG, BBG + PEG, combination of propolis extract + BBG + PEG at a concentration of 2% active substance. Experimental subjects were sacrificed on days 3 and 7. Histopathological examination with a microscope at 400x magnification was conducted to calculate the quantity of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Results: The highest average quantity of fibroblasts and osteoblasts and the lowest average quantity of osteoclasts occurred in the group to which a combination of propolis extract and BBG had been administered on both days 3 and 7. According to the statistical analysis results, all the treatment groups recorded a significant difference in the quantity of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts with a p value: 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: A combination of propolis extract and BBG can increase the quantity of fibroblast and osteoblast cells, while reducing the number of osteoclast cells in tooth extraction sockets treated with 2% concentration of the active substance.

Ethanol extract of propolis-bovine bone graft combination as a prospective candidate for socket preservation: Enhancing BMP7 and decreasing NFATc1

“…In previous studies, it was found that the propolis extract combined with BBG demonstrated an increase in the number of osteoblasts and fibroblast cells and a decrease in the number of osteoclasts ( Kresnoadi et al, 2020b , Lunardhi et al, 2019 , Nizar et al, 2020 ) in the extraction socket on days 3, 7, 14 and 30 with an effective dose of 2% ( Prabowo et al, 2020 ). This increase occurred according to the duration of the application of combination materials to the socket .…”

“…The increase in RUNX2 is expected to occur through the large number of osteoblast cells formed in the extraction socket after administration of a combination of propolis and BBG ( Lunardhi et al, 2019 , Nizar et al, 2020 ). This statement shows that propolis and BBG have osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties which constitute a requirement for bone graft material in order to support bone regeneration and accelerate wound healing.…”

“…For the combination of EEP-BBG, the gelling agent weighing 24 g was mixed with 0.5 g of the EEP group and 0.5gm of the BBG group in order to obtain 2% active ingredient. All of these percentages were obtained from the previous study that indicated the optimum healing process result ( Kresnoadi et al, 2020b , Lunardhi et al, 2019 , Nizar et al, 2020 , Prabowo et al, 2020 ).…”

“…The addition of 2% ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) to the tooth extraction socket of Cavia cobaya, combined with BBG through polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a carrier medium, is known to increase the proliferation of fibroblasts and osteoblasts and reduce the number of osteoclasts ( Kresnoadi et al, 2020b , Lunardhi et al, 2019 ). A study by Meimandi-Parizi et al (2018) also found that administering aqueous propolis extract combined with demineralized bone matrix percutaneously can increase bone formation in radius bone defects of rats.…”

Effective dose of propolis extract combined with bovine bone graft on the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in tooth extraction socket preservation

“…This endorses a previous study which argues that propolis combined with graft can potentially be used for alveolar bone regeneration during socket preservation. 8 Propolis extract is known to contain antioxidants that can increase alveolar bone density, as well as accelerate the bone formation process. Moreover, CAPE contained in propolis extract is also known to have strong properties that support the growth and development of human bones, as well as activating osteoblast progenitor cells to increase collagen formation.…”