The Development of Chloroplasts and Photosynthetic Activities in Young Barley Leaves

Rhodes, M. J. C.; Yemm, E. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1966.tb06369.x

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is tempting to suggest a correlation between the attainment of a minimum structural complexity not only with the onset of photophosphorylation reactions but also with the marked changes of chlorophyll and RNA concentrations in the chloroplast (Gyldenholm, 1968). It is of interest finally to note the results of Rhodes and Yemm (1966) on the development of chloroplasts and photosynthetic carbon dioxide uptake in young barley leaves. They draw attention to the probability of a correlation between structural complexity and the development of photosynthetic activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Onset of Photophosphorylation in Chloroplasts Isolated From Developing Bean Leaves

Gyldenholm

Whatley

1968

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYPhotophosphor}'Iation has been achieved in isolated chloroplasts of Phaseolus, without inhibition, by the addition of bovine serum albumin. Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation and four partial reactions of photosynthetic phosphorylation were studied in the system with chloroplasts of different ages. There seems to be evidence for a correlation between a minimum structural complexity of the chloroplast and the ability to carry out the reactions studied.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Onset of Photophosphorylation in Chloroplasts Isolated From Developing Bean Leaves

Gyldenholm

Whatley

1968

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ability to reduce CO2 and evolve O2 is usually detected after 2-4 h of greening though high rates are not obtained until after longer times of irradiation {e.g. Tolbert and Gailey 1955, Rhodes and Yemm 1966, Tamas et al 1970, Egneus et al 1972, Kirk and Goodchild 1972, Robertson and Laetsch 1974.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Chloroplast Lipids during the Development of Photosynthetic Activity in Barley Etio‐Chloroplasts

Selldén

Selstam

1976

Physiologia Plantarum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The content of monogalactosyl diglyceride, digalactosyl diglyceride, sulfoquinovosyl diglyceride and phosphatidyl glycerol of gel‐filtrated etio‐chloroplasts isolated from greening barley seedlings was determined. The development of photosynthetic electron transport, measured as anthraquinone autooxidation, was simultaneously determined with an oxygen electrode. During the first hour of irradiation of the etiolated seedlings the lipid content of the plastids decreased rapidly. The decrease is interpreted as a chlorophyll sensitized photooxidation of the fatty acids of the diglycerides. With artificial electron donors an oxygen uptake was detected after 10 min of greening. With no donors added, a DCMU sensitive oxygen uptake was detected after 2 h. The level of DCMU inhibition increased as the plastid developed and total inhibition was obtained after 5 h. Between 2 and 6 h of greening the lipid content of the plastids stayed constant. During this greening period there was a correlation between the appearance of a DCMU sensitive electron transport and the accumulation of the trans‐3‐hexadecenoic acid of phosphatidyl glycerol. The trans‐3‐hexadecenoic acid was present already in the dark‐grown seedlings but an increase in content did not occur until after 3 h. The lipid content increased after 6 h of greening. This increase coincided well in time with the formation of grana. The fatty acid composition of the individual lipids, with the exception of phosphatidyl glycerol, and the monogalactosyl diglyceride to digalactosyl diglyceride ratios did not change fundamentally during the greening.

show abstract

“…Recently, Oelze-Karow and Butler (30) observed oxygen evolution from 8-day-old etiolated bean seedlings after 1 hr of greening. Photosynthetic CO2 fixation in etiolated barley (33) or pea (13) was detectable after about 3 hr of illumination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Development of Photochemical Activity and the Appearance of the High Potential Form of Cytochrome b-559 in Greening Barley Seedlings

Henningsen¹,

Boardman²

1973

Plant Physiol.

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of photochemical activity during the greening of dark-grown barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Svalofs Bonus) was studied in relation to the formation of the high potential form of cytochrome b-559 (cytochrome b-559HP). Photosynthetie oxygen evolution from leaves was detected at 30 minutes of illumination. The rate of oxygen evolution per gram fresh weight of leaf was as high at 2 to 2.5 hours of greening as at 24 hours or in fully greened leaves. On a chlorophyll basis, the photosynthetic rate at 90 minutes of greening was 80-fold greater than the rate at 45 hours. It is concluded that the majority of photosynthetic units are functional at an early stage of greening, and that chlorophyll synthesis during greening serves to increase the size of the units.Plastids showed substantial photochemical oxygen evolution after a seedling greening time of 1 hour. However, a comparison of the relative activity of leaves and plastids at 2 hours and 24 hours of greening suggests that there was some inactivation of greening plastids during isolation. Appreciable photosystem I activity was observed as early as 15 minutes of greening.The synthesis of cytochrome b-5591p during greening does not correlate with the onset of oxygen evolution. Cytochrome b-559HP was absent from etioplasts and in most preparations of 2-hour plastids. The average amount of cytochrome b-559HP at 2 hours of greening was well below the level needed to provide 1 molecule of the carrier for each functional photosynthetic chain. The results suggest that cytochrome b-559Hp is not essential for oxygen evolution. Cytochrome t, cytochrome be, and the low potential forn of cytochrome b-559 were present in the etioplast. There was little increase in the levels of these cytochromes during 24 hours of greening.In a previous study (5), it was shown that cytochrome f and cytochrome b6, which are components of photosystem I (7), are present in the plastids of dark-grown bean leaves, but cytochrome b-559, a component of photosystem II, is absent. Cytochrome b-559 was detectable after 6 hr of greening. It increased gradually 1 Permanent address: Institute of Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. on further illumination of the seedlings, but even at 16 hr, the amount of cytochrome b-559 relative to cytcchrome f and cytochrome b6 was well below that of mature chloroplasts. Bendall (2) demonstrated that the absorption band attributed to cytochrome b6 in the earlier work with chloroplasts (7) and etioplasts (5) was due to the presence of two dithionite-reducible cytochromes with a-bands at 563 to 564 nm (cytochrome bQ) and 559 nm (cytochrome b-559Lp), respectively. Plesnicar and Bendall (32) confirmed the observation of Boardman (5) that the high potential form of cytochrome b-559 (cytochrome b-559HP) is absent from etioplasts. In the present work, we have studied the appearance of cytochrome b-559HP in plastids from greening barley seedlings in relation to the onset of oxygen evolution in the leaves and in isolated plastids, and on the ...

show abstract

The Development of Chloroplasts and Photosynthetic Activities in Young Barley Leaves

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

The Onset of Photophosphorylation in Chloroplasts Isolated From Developing Bean Leaves

The Onset of Photophosphorylation in Chloroplasts Isolated From Developing Bean Leaves

Changes in Chloroplast Lipids during the Development of Photosynthetic Activity in Barley Etio‐Chloroplasts

Development of Photochemical Activity and the Appearance of the High Potential Form of Cytochrome b-559 in Greening Barley Seedlings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About