Flavonoid and isoflavonoid glycosides are common dietary phenolics which may be absorbed from the small intestine of humans. The ability of cell-free extracts from human small intestine and liver to deglycosylate various (iso)flavonoid glycosides was investigated. Quercetin 4P-glucoside, naringenin 7-glucoside, apigenin 7-glucoside, genistein 7-glucoside and daidzein 7-glucoside were rapidly deglycosylated by both tissue extracts, whereas quercetin 3,4P-diglucoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, kaempferol 3-glucoside, quercetin 3-rhamnoglucoside and naringenin 7-rhamnoglucoside remained unchanged. The K m for hydrolysis of quercetin 4P-glucoside and genistein 7-glucoside was V32 þ 12 and V14 þ 3 W WM in both tissues respectively. The enzymatic activity of the cell-free extracts exhibits similar properties to the cytosolic broad-specificity L L-glucosidase previously described in mammals.z 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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The stability of the major flavonol glucosides, quercetin 3,4‘-O-diglucoside (QDG) and quercetin 4‘-O-monoglucoside (QMG), was studied in two varieties of onion (Red Baron and Crossbow) that were cured and stored for 6 months under normal commercial conditons and analyzed at regular intervals. Onions were also cooked by boiling in water and by frying in oil under normal domestic conditions. Apart from a 50% loss of quercetin 4‘-O-monoglucoside during the initial drying process, little change in content and composition was observed over 6 months of storage. Neither boiling nor frying resulted in interconversion of the quercetin conjugates or production of free quercetin, although a 25% loss overall was recorded for each process. Keywords: Onion; Allium cepa; flavonol; quercetin; glucoside; HPLC; storage; processing