The development and application of biosensing devices for bioreactor monitoring and control

Principles and application of biosensors in microbiology

“…The correlation between ARD biomass estimation and estimates provided by dry weight or optical density measurements has been shown to be very good over a wide range (i.e. up to optical densities greater than 600; Clarke et al 1985).…”

“…up to optical densities greater than 600; Clarke et al 1985). This method of achieving precise specific gravity measurements involves resonating a tubular structure containing the sample, the period of resonance being universely proportional to the mass of the resonant system.…”

Micropatterning Proteins and Synthetic Peptides on Solid Supports: A Novel Application for Microelectronics Fabrication Technology

“…Much of the proposed market for biosensors currently at the design or development stage is in both in vivo monitoring (Hunter, 1989) and in vitro testing (Clarke et al, 1985). We feel that many such devices based on conductimetric assay (Watson et al, 1987), optical assay (Seitz, 1989;Magill et al, 1990), or immobilized whole cells or microorganisms (Miller et al, 1989;Korpela et al, 1989;Parce et al, 1989) could perhaps exploit this protein patterning technique.…”

On‐Line PAT Applications of Spectroscopy in the Pharmaceutical Industry

“…120,121 In 1990, Cavinato et al applied on -line NIRS to a fermentation process for ethanol concentration prediction where GC was used as the reference method. The NIR fi ber -optic probe was positioned outside of a glass fermentation vessel, thus eliminating sampling and sterility issues.…”