The Contribution of Organizational Factors to Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment

Workplace bullying and depressive symptoms among employees in Germany: prospective associations regarding severity and the role of the perpetrator

“…We cannot rule out further residual confounding caused by possible risk factors for depressive symptoms, such as, for instance, psychosocial working conditions other than workplace bullying. We decided not to include other psychosocial confounders both for power considerations and for the fact that psychosocial working conditions such as low social support, poor quality of leadership or high quantitative demands, are established risk factors for workplace bullying (Balducci et al 2018), and controlling for them could have introduced overadjustment in our analyses.…”

Workplace Bullying: a Study on Urban Collective Transportation

“…The reviews by Rai and Agarwal (2018) and Balducci et al (2018) pointed towards aspects that precede the WB, such as poor working conditions, workload, role stressors, group cohesion, destructive leadership style, job demands and job resources, security perceptions, social support at work, and emotional exhaustion. Couto, Lawoko, and Svanstrom (2009) also indicated working conditions (hours and work shifts, working alone, working in public settings, high workload, and organizational changes) as potential factors for increased exposure and risk of violence at work.…”

“…WB is recognized for being a complex phenomenon that develops from multiple causes, so its understanding presupposes different factors and levels of analysis (Balducci, Conway and Van Heugten 2018;Nunes and Tolfo 2013). Among the individual factors are the personality of the victim and the aggressor and the attitudes and behaviors of the spectators (Balducci et al 2018).…”

“…WB is recognized for being a complex phenomenon that develops from multiple causes, so its understanding presupposes different factors and levels of analysis (Balducci, Conway and Van Heugten 2018;Nunes and Tolfo 2013). Among the individual factors are the personality of the victim and the aggressor and the attitudes and behaviors of the spectators (Balducci et al 2018). Organizational factors related to a poorly organized work environmentwhich includes poor working conditions, harmful workload, high demands, and low resources, ambiguity/conflict of roles, lack of group cohesion, security, and social supportgenerate high levels of stress and frustration in workers, which can lead them to become involved in conflicts that evolve to the WB (Balducci et al 2018;Rai and Agarwal 2018).…”

“…Among the individual factors are the personality of the victim and the aggressor and the attitudes and behaviors of the spectators (Balducci et al 2018). Organizational factors related to a poorly organized work environmentwhich includes poor working conditions, harmful workload, high demands, and low resources, ambiguity/conflict of roles, lack of group cohesion, security, and social supportgenerate high levels of stress and frustration in workers, which can lead them to become involved in conflicts that evolve to the WB (Balducci et al 2018;Rai and Agarwal 2018). This violence is also related to the culture's moral standards and the social values of its context, that is, it takes place when there are permissible social environments (Trombetta and Zanelli 2011).…”