There is a much greater prevalence of obstetric and gynecologic issues reported by women with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome than in the general population. Additionally, rates differed significantly among the three most common types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with vascular type having the highest rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes and menstrual abnormalities. Physician providers should be aware of these challenges and should counsel patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome about relevant options and risks.
Patients affected by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) show quite lower physical activity and exercise capacity when compared to healthy individuals. In addition, a sedentary lifestyle is favoured by lack of a specific counseling on exercise implementation in the nephrology care setting. Increasing physical activity level should represent a goal for every dialysis patient care management. Three crucial elements of clinical care may contribute to sustain a hemodialysis exercise program: a) involvement of exercise professionals, b) real commitment of nephrologists and dialysis professionals, c) individual patient adaptation of the exercise program. Dialysis staff have a crucial role to encourage and assist patients during intra-dialysis exercise, but other professionals should be included in the ideal “exercise team” for dialysis patients. Evaluation of general condition, comorbidities (especially cardiovascular), nutritional status and physical exercise capacity are mandatory to propose an exercise program, in either extra-dialysis or intra-dialysis setting. To this aim, nephrologist should lead a team of specialists and professionals including cardiologist, physiotherapist, exercise physiologist, renal dietician and nurse. In this scenario, dialysis nurses play a pivotal role since they guarantee a constant and direct approach. Unfortunately dialysis staff may often lack of information and formation about exercise management while they take care patients during the dialysis session. Building an effective exercise team, promoting the culture of exercise and increasing physical activity levels lead to a more complete and modern clinical care management of ESRD patients.
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of workplace bullying in Germany while also taking the perpetrator and severity level (measured by frequency) into account and considering the role of gender, age and socio-economic status.MethodsWe used data from a large representative sample (N = 4143) of employees in Germany subject to social security contributions. Self-reported bullying was assessed for different combinations of perpetrators (co-workers, superiors) and according to severity, i.e., being exposed at all and to severe bullying (at least weekly).ResultsPrevalence estimates varied from 2.9% for severe bullying by co-workers to 17.1% for overall bullying (i.e., without distinguishing by perpetrator, less severe bullying also included). Unskilled workers reported more bullying by both perpetrators than academics/managers. We also observed an age trend for severe bullying by superiors (i.e., bossing), with younger employees being more affected from bossing than elder. No gender differences were detected.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that it is crucial to consider type of perpetrator and severity of the behaviors when examining the prevalence of workplace bullying. The way bullying is defined and operationalized strongly contributes to the prevalence estimates. Differences between subgroups and associations or cause–effect relationships should be analyzed with these variations in mind.
This study shows that physical exercise programs can safely increase physical performance in hemodialysis patients. The training program should be continued for at least 6 months to increase muscle strength and endurance. Intradialytic exercise and home-based, pedometer-based regimens may be a useful and easy approach, whereas supervised programs can give additional benefits in motivated, selected patients.
This cross-sectional case-control study evaluated upper limb muscle strength and shoulder mobility in hemodialysis (HD) patients with arteriovenous fistula or graft. Twenty-five adult patients on thrice-a-week HD treatment for 6 months at least, were selected for the study. In all the patients and control subjects, handgrip tests and tests of range of motion in the upper extremities were evaluated by physiotherapy tests. Patients on HD showed lower muscle strength than age and sex matched subjects without severe chronic kidney disease (right: 30.1 ± 11.6 vs 40.5 ± 15.1 kg, P < 0.001; left 29.1 ± 12.9 vs 40.7 ± 11.1 kg, P < 0.01), and a reduced range of shoulder mobility. The presence of fistula or graft was associated with a greater limitation of both active (74.0 ± 18.3 vs 85.2 ± 8.8 °, P < 0.01) and passive (82.2 ± 9.9 vs 87.2 ± 6.6 °, P < 0.05) extra-rotation than the contralateral limb, with a higher prevalence of impingement (72 vs 36%, P < 0.05). Muscle strength was related to albumin and inversely to age; whereas β(2) -microglobulin and CRP serum levels were associated with impairment of passive and active extra-rotation of the shoulder that was free from the fistula or graft. In summary, patients on HD have a reduced range of shoulder mobility and marked reduction of muscle strength. The abnormalities are more prevalent in upper limbs with fistula or grafts. The arteriovenous fistula or graft may worsen the disability of the patient's upper limbs presumably due to the obligate position required during the HD sessions. Proper pre- and post-dialysis exercise programs should be implemented to maintain mobility and strength of the upper limbs.
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