The Comparative Studies of the Phytochemical Levels and the in vitro Antioxidant Activity of Tridax procumbens L. from Different Habitats

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONTridax procumbens (family-Asteraceae) is commonly known as "Ghamra". In English it is popularly called as "coat buttons" because of the appearance of the flowers. It has been extensively used in Ayurvedic system of medicine for various illnesses. It is a well known medicine for liver disorders.1 This plant extract know to express various pharmacologically active compounds which has been shown to have roll in immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective action. It was also shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-arthritic and wound healing effect and have been used as a skeletal muscle relaxant.2-9 The phytochemical screening of the different plant parts like leaf, stem, flower and root of Tridax have revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids (catechins and flavones) and tannins. 10,11 Phytochemicals are chemical compounds, created or biosynthesized through the usual metabolic pathways in the plants. These chemicals are often referred to as secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites have no direct activity in the primary metabolic cycles, such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration and mineral metabolism etc. But they have been proved to have major roles in the stress tolerance and defense mechanisms.12 Secondary metabolites are important for the plants interactions such as plant-pollinator, plant-pathogen and plant-herbivore. These are classified into three major classes (alkaloids, terpenoids and phenolics) and habitually colored, aromatic and tasty compounds.13 They are also used in signaling and regulation of primary metabolic pathways. Secondary metabolites are used by many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, biopesticides, flavoring, coloring agents, and as food additives.14 The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites is controlled by various factors such as genetics and ecological factors. 15The quantity of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants is strongly dependent on the growing conditions and synthesis is regulated by external environmental stimuli 16 Abiotic factors such as high and low temperatures, drought, alkalinity, salinity of the soil, ultraviolet radiation stresses have been known as more potential factors for manipulating and promoting the accumulations of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. [17][18][19] The abiotic factors of the growing area such as soil fertility, local geoclimate, humidity, light and temperature, seasonal changes and cultivation techniques, have also been shown to impact on the metabolism and synthesis of the secondary metabolites. 20 Hence the aim of the study to investigates the habitats influences on in-vitro antioxidant activities and the quantity of phytochemical (total phenol, flavonoid and tannin) variations in leaves and flowers of Tridax. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant materialsTridax leaves and flowers were collected from the three different habitats:-1. Kolli-Hills (is a mountain situated in the Ester Ghats in Namakkal district of Tamil, Nadu India. The mountains are about 1000 to 1300 m in altitude and cover a...

Effect of Light Intensity on the Total Flavonoid and Total Phenolic Contents of Mikania Micrantha and Tridax Procumbens

“…The TFC of T. procumbens was highest (61.28± 1.02 mg/g QE) in methanol extract, followed by methanol extract (55.43± 0.58 mg/g QE) and lowest in aqueous extract (42.17± 1.12 mg/g QE) [27]. In another study, TFC of T. procumbens leaves ranges from 25 to 50 mg/g QE [28].…”

In-vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Anti-collagenase Activity of Thalassia hempricii as a Potent Ingredients for Anti-Wrinkle Cosmetics

“…Among them, H. pinifolia recorded high phenolic (21.64 mg g-1 The varying antioxidant capacity of various plant extracts can be attributed to differences in chemical composition of plants such as phenolic acids, and flavonoids. 8,26 such as treatment of fever, skin diseases, muscle pains, wounds and stomach problems. Hence it is essential to study their bioactive metabolites and medicinal properties when considering their food applications.…”

“…25 Environmental conditions have great influences in the antioxidant property and the accumulation of the phytochemicals. 26 The DPPH assay has been commonly used to measure the free radicalscavenging ability of plants. 27 The antioxidant effect on DPPH radical scavenging may be due to those ability to donate hydrogen.…”

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“…It was reported that the methanolic extract of seagrass has more potent phytochemicals than aqueous and ethanolic extract. Accumulation of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity is greatly influenced by environmental factors 23 .…”