The Clinical and Biochemical Features of Acute Renal Failure Due to Rhabdomyolysis

Abstract

Rhabdomyolysis caused 28 out of 903 (3.1%) of cases of severe acute renal failure (ARF) treated at Leeds General Infirmary over a 14-year period (1980-1993). The commonest cause of rhabdomyolysis was muscle compression, usually due to drug- or alcohol-induced coma. Other causes included fits, infection, acute limb ischemia, trauma, and heat stroke. Prognosis was relatively good, with a 78.6% survival rate and recovery of renal function to normal in all survivors who were followed up. The creatinine/urea ratio was higher in ARF due to rhabdomyolysis than in an unselected group of patients with other causes of ARF but not when the comparison was with sex- and age-matched controls with ARF. This suggests that this previously described feature of rhabdomyolysis simply reflects the increased muscle mass of a younger group of patients, rather than a specific effect of muscle damage. Clinical features of muscle damage were often absent and so the possibility of rhabdomyolysis should be considered in appropriate settings if the diagnosis is to be made early enough to administer treatment that may prevent ARF and the consequences of the compartment syndrome.

Increased Creatinine Clearance in Acute Kidney Injury due to Heat Stroke

“…Thus, we consider that the AKI was not caused by rhabdomyolysis, but by hypovolemia from heat stroke. The elevation of serum creatinine is potentially caused by muscle injury by heat stroke, thereby meeting the AKI criteria [3,[6][7][8][9].…”

Myoglobinuria masquerading as acute rejection in a renal allograft recipient with recurrent post transplant diabetic nephropathy

“…There is a 13-50% risk of development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in these patients and it is associated with high rates of mortality which may be as high as 59%. [1][2][3][4] Etiology of rhabdomyolysis include trauma, strenuous exercise, seizure, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, muscle hypoxia due to limb compression, infections, heat stroke, hypothermia, drugs (statins, fibrates, alcohol, heroin, cocaine) and electrolyte disturbance (hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, diabetic ketoacidosis). 5,6 Drugs and alcohol are among the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis.…”

Hypocalcemia Induced Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure After Thyroidectomy: A Case Report

“…Other reasons of rhabdomyolysis are; infections, metabolic illnesses, congenital metabolic myopathies, toxins and ischaemia (3). The severity of the illness can vary from the asymptomatic increase of muscle enzyme or severe enzyme increase and electrolyte inbalance to life threatening conditions such as ARF (5 The hypocalcemia of the oliguric phase may be secondary to decreased synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D; severe hyperphosphatemia may also have a major role (6).…”

“…Rhabdomyolysis is an important risk factor for the development of acute renal failure (ARF) (3). Rhabdomyolysis forms around 10 % of all the ARF cases (4,5). In this report, a case has been presented and literature have been searched, due to its rarity, where the developed hypocalcemia, after a thyroid operation, was severe enough to cause convulsions, rhabdomyolysis and ARF.…”