This study demonstrated the protective role of nebivolol against CIN.

Our data support that patients with DM are at a higher risk of developing CIN, but patients with pre-DM are not at as high a risk for developing CIN as diabetes patients.

A patient with end-stage renal disease presented with reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS) on her left hand 1 month after arteriovenous fistula (AVF) surgery. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed steal syndrome at the AVF level. Bone scintigraphy revealed early-stage RSDS. We considered that arterial insufficiency because of steal phenomenon following AVF surgery and underlying occlusive arterial disease triggered RSDS development.

No abstract

We found a relationship between glomerular C4d staining and activity of lupus nephritis. C4d staining may be a useful marker to predict the prognosis of lupus nephritis.