TGF‐β1 and IL‐10 single nucleotide polymorphisms as risk factors for oral cancer in Taiwanese

Abstract

Cytokine production capacity varies among individuals and depends on cytokine gene polymorphisms. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays a significant role in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of epithelial cells. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an immunoregulatory cytokine with biological functions of anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, allergy, and anti-agenesis. The two cytokines are supposed to play an important role in carcinogenesis. The association between cytokine gene polymorphisms with oral cancer (OC) was investigated. We studied the association between the polymorphism in TGF-β1 (G to C polymorphism at codon 25 <+915>) and IL-10 (-1082 G/A, -819 C/T, and -592 C/A) and the risk of OC in patients (n = 162) and healthy controls (n = 118) in Taiwan. All genotyping experiments were performed using the polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) method. It was found that the codon 25 GC genotype of TGF-β1 is significantly higher in frequency in patients with OC compared with a healthy control group (p < 0.0001). People with the GC genotype in codon 25 had an 11.09-fold increased risk of OC [odds ratio (OR) = 11.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.16-113.23]. IL-10 polymorphisms in -819 and -592 positions correlated with the risk of OC (p < 0.0001). The IL-10 -592 C allele-containing genotypes posed an increased risk of OC (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.11-2.91). People with the CT genotype in IL-10 -819 had a 3.32-fold increased risk of OC (OR = 3.32; 95% CI = 1.64-6.94). The results suggest that polymorphisms in TGF-β1 and IL-10 may have a significant influence on the development of OC.

Role of IL-10 polymorphisms in susceptibility to hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

“…One such gene possibly associated with HCC is IL-10. Previous studies have reported associations between polymorphisms of this gene and the development of cancers, as well as several other diseases, including acute pancreatitis, coronary artery disease, and colorectal, gastric, oral, lung, esophageal, and breast cancers (Miteva et al, 2014;Qi et al, 2014;Hsu et al, 2015;Jia et al, 2015;Kumar et al, 2015;Vinod et al, 2015;Xu and Liu, 2015;Yang and Fa, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015b). For instance, Miteva et al (2014) reported that the IL-10 -1082A/G polymorphism has a significant impact on the development of colorectal cancer.…”

“…For instance, Miteva et al (2014) reported that the IL-10 -1082A/G polymorphism has a significant impact on the development of colorectal cancer. Qi et al (2014) conducted a meta-analysis of 12 studies, finding that the -592G/A variant correlates with increased risk of gastric cancer among Asians, while Hsu et al (2015) reported that Taiwanese carriers of the -819T/C CT genotype have a 3.32-fold increased risk of oral cancer. Moreover, Zhang et al (2015b) observed that the IL- Table 3.…”

Association of the interleukin-10 gene -1082A/G genetic polymorphism with risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population

“…IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine, and a wealth of evidence supports its regulatory role in the pathology process of several kinds of diseases (Alvarado-Arnez et al, 2015;Ghaleh Baghi et al, 2015;Hsu et al, 2015;Khodaeian et al, 2015). In addition, experimental studies indicated that IL-10 expression could maintain the balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory stimuli in the process of cerebrovascular disease.…”

“…The gene encoding IL-10 (IL10) is present on the chromosomal locus 1q31-32, and several genome regions of chromosome 1 (1q21-23, 1q31-32 and 1q42-44) have been observed to be correlated with development of several kinds of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, peptic ulcer disease, coronary artery disease, leprosy, chronic hepatitis B infection, and oral cancer (Alvarado-Arnez et al, 2015;Ghaleh Baghi et al, 2015;Hsu et al, 2015;Khodaeian et al, 2015;Miftahussurur and Yamaoka, 2015;Yang et al, 2015). The authors of previous researches have reported the correlation of IL10 gene polymorphisms with the ischemic stroke risk; however, the results are inconsistent (Munshi et al, 2010;Sultana et al, 2011;Xie et al, 2013;Qi et al, 2014).…”

TGF-ß alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Narrative review

“…Single-nucleotide mutations (SNPs) in the TGF-ß genes can affect the expression or function of signaling. Various SNPs have implications for the predisposition to cancer, being mutated codon 10 (T869>C) and codon 25 (915G>C) of exon 25 the most documented polymorphisms of TGF-ß1 27,31,32,40 . Polymorphism T869>C is located in the promoter region of the TGF-ß1 gene, and it has been observed that it increases the risk of HNSCC 31 .…”