Temperature-Regulating Phase Change Fiber Scaffold Toward Mild Photothermal–Chemotherapy

Abstract

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a treatment that raises the temperature of tumors to 42-48°C, or even higher for tumor ablation. PTT has sparked a lot of attention due to its ability to induce apoptosis or increase sensitivity to chemotherapy. Excessive heat kills tumor cells but also causes harm to surrounding healthy tissue, reducing therapeutic accuracy and increasing side effects. Herein, a phase change fiber (PCF) scaffold that acts as a thermal trigger in mild photothermal-chemo tumor therapy is developed to regulate temperature and control drug release. These prepared PCFs, comprised of hollow carbon fibers (HCFs) loaded with lauric acid as a phase change material (PCM), can effectively store and release any excess heat generated by irradiating with a nearinfrared (NIR) laser through the reversible solid-liquid transition process of the PCM.With this feature, the optimal PTT temperature of implanted PCF-based composite scaffolds was identified for tumor therapy with minimal normal tissue damage. In addition, controlled release of chemotherapeutic drugs and heat shock protein (HSP) inhibitors from the PCF-based composite scaffolds have been shown to improve the efficacy of mild PTT. The developed PCF-based scaffold sheds light on the development of a new generation of therapeutic scaffolds for thermal therapy.

Ag2–3xBixS Quantum Dots as Single-Component Theranostic Agents for Second Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy

“…(2) The active targeting ability of BSA-Ag 2–3 x Bi x S QDs can be enhanced by covalent coupling to modify surface properties, binding to cell-specific receptor binding, immune antibody coupling, and other measures. (3) Mild PTT using the temperature tolerated by normal tissues (38–43 °C) is an emerging strategy to be further developed, such as combining with some temperature-sensing nanofibers for real-time precise temperature control to achieve PTT in a lower temperature, or further empowering nanomaterials to inhibit the synthesis of heat shock proteins during PTT. , In addition, it is worth mentioning that the BSA-Ag 2–3 x Bi x S QDs have powerful potential for further modification to achieve comprehensive therapeutic strategies against tumors. Due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic 3D structure, the abundance of charged amino acids, and the large number of hydrogen bond donors of BSA, Ag 2–3 x Bi x S QDs can not only bind to a variety of drugs through multiple binding modes but its surface is also extremely susceptible to be encapsulated with a silica shell layer.…”

Semiconducting Titanate Supported Ruthenium Clusterzymes for Ultrasound‐Amplified Biocatalytic Tumor Nanotherapies

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] Although many attempts have been devoted to treating malignant tumors via ROS over the past decades, many currently reported ROS-based nanotherapies have disclosed insufficient or seriously suppressed antitumor efficiencies. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Recently, the external-stimulation-induced ROS generation has attracted increasing attention in therapeutics for malignant tumors, such as light, [23][24][25][26] X-ray, [27,28] microwave, [29][30][31][32] and ultrasound (US). [12,33,34] Though emerging clinical ablation procedures have been gradually applied to cancer treatment, such as microwave ablation and radiofrequency ablation, the stubborn coagulative necrosis tissue, invasive increased risk of bleeding, and easy relapse make it necessary to find other more effective or novel cancer treatment strategies.…”

Recent progress in metal–organic framework-based sonosensitizers for sonodynamic tumor therapy

“…Although surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the current widely used anti-cancer methods in clinics, [1][2][3] they are prone to cause adverse effects such as recurrence, drug resistance, and severe damage to the immune system. 4,5 To overcome these drawbacks, researchers have been developing new cancer therapy methods that are harmless to the body. Among them, photodynamic/photothermal therapy has gained prominence for its high selectivity, low toxicity, and remarkable spatial and temporal resolution.…”