Technical and economic indices that determine the profitability of milk production systems participating in the “Full Bucket” program

Abstract

This study assesses the relationships among net margin (ML), profitability (LUC), and return (RENT), as well as several technical and economic indices that determine the ML, LUC and RENT land-use change, and economic return of milk production systems. We estimate and analyze the property-size, zootechnical, and economic indices of 20 milk production systems located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2011. We also conduct a descriptive analysis of the variables studied, as well as a multiple linear regression analysis among the estimated indices (independent variables) and the net margin, profitability, and return (dependent variables). The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0. The items that most influenced net margin were milk production by labor, total revenue, energy and protein commercial concentrates, and the ratio of labor costs to total operating costs. Then, profitability was most influenced by animal productivity per day, fixed value by lactation matrix (value immobilized in the activity divided by the number of lactating matrices), milk revenue, and the representativeness of energy concentrates. Economic returns were most influenced by the number of males available for sale, as well as by animal productivity per day and the value of assets on land per hectare. These findings show that management and technological efforts are required to reduce production costs. In addition, animal productivity needs to be increased because it is has the highest positive relationship with profitability. Key words: Profitability analysis. Cost of production. Dairy farming. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a relação existente entre a margem líquida (ML), lucratividade (LUC) e a rentabilidade (RENT) e alguns índices técnicos e econômicos determinantes da ML, LUC e RENT de sistemas de produção de leite. Foram estimados e analisados índices de tamanho da propriedade, zootécnicos e econômicos de 20 sistemas de produção de leite localizados no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, no ano de 2011. Foram realizadas análises descritivas das variáveis estudadas, assim como análises de regressão linear multiple entre os índices estimados (variáveis independentes) e a margem líquida, lucratividade e a rentabilidade (variáveis dependentes). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando o software SPSS 20.0. Os itens que mais influenciaram positivamente a margem líquida foram a produção de leite por mão de obra, a receita total, os concentrados energético e proteico comercial e a proporção do custo da mão de obra em relação ao custo total da atividade, enquanto que a produtividade animal por dia, o valor imobilizado por matriz em lactação (valor imobilizado na atividade dividido pela quantidade de matrizes em lactação), a receita do leite e a representatividade do concentrado energético foram os itens que mais influenciaram positivamente a lucratividade. Quanto à rentabilidade, os itens que mais influenciaram positivamente foram a quantidade de machos disponíveis para a venda, a produtividade animal por dia...

Effect of socioeconomic factors on the yields of family-operated milk production systems

“…Descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables, economic indicators, and technical and managerial indices. These statistics were expressed as the mean, standard deviation and minimum and maximum values (BRUHN et al, 2017). The effects of the socioeconomic indicators, place of residence, producer's age and education level, and land tenure, on gross and net margin, result, yield and profitability were evaluated.…”