Synthesis of N-Containing Heterocycles via Mechanochemical Grinding and Conventional Techniques

Abstract

Mechano heterocyclic chemistry is a recent quickly growing technique draws the attention of hetrocyclic chemists towards the use of grindstone technique in a solvent free green efficient clean synthesis of many heterocyclic systems. α,β-Epoxy ketones were used as a unique scaffold for synthesis of stable hydroxyazoles. The key advantage of grinding technique over the conventional thermal technique includes its simple, solvent free conditions, as well as facile work up with high yield economy. It is also successful in achieving three of the green chemistry objectives of a solvent free, high atom economy, save energy thus combining the features of both economic and environmental advantages.

Nano nickel [1,2,4]‐triazole‐3‐thiones complex: Design, sonochemical synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation

“…Improvement of fewer hazardous synthetic methodologies for organic reactions is one of the preponderances required after the troubles in existing research. Therefore, green chemistry [1][2][3] is planned to be a native aim in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. The convenient and rapid synthetic procedure that is energy efficient and atom economy (AE) is highly required.…”

Efficient Green Synthesis and Computational Chemical Study of Some Interesting Heterocyclic Derivatives as Insecticidal Agents

“…However OE is used for the direct comparisons of two reaction types and is derived from the relation between RME and AE (RME/AE × 100) . So we consequently introduced yield economy (YE) as a metric to assess the conversion efficiency of these two different synthetic techniques of the same reaction. The YE basically measures how much yield (%) of the desired product is obtained over a certain reaction time and is calculated from the following equation: [YE = Yield (%)/Reaction time (min)].…”

“…Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and process that eliminates the use and generation of hazardous substances. To compare the efficiency of green synthesis as grinding and thermal reactions leading to the target heterocycles and their related economy, the mechanochemical reactions that have principally driven by mechanical energy are advertised as a greener and more successful way of growing novel heterocyclic compounds . The commencement of atom economy (AE), reaction mass efficiency (RME), and optimum efficiency (OE) to express the efficiency of the reactants to give the desired product is good reported .…”

One Pot and Two Pot Synthetic Strategies and Biological Applications of Epoxy-Chalcones

“…Imidazolidines (22a) and 1,3-oxazolidines (22b) are another two compounds, which conveniently prepared from the reaction of epoxy chalcone with urea and guanidine hydrochloride, respectively. Both compounds exhibited outstanding anti-microbial activities against bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus), pathogenic yeast and mould (C. albicans and A. flavus) [22].…”

“…Epoxy chalcone and its derivatives are inimitable pharmacophore [15] for drug synthesis (e.g. diltiazem [16], rapamycin [17], epoxomicin [18], eponemycine [19], carmaphycin [20]) with virtuous anti-oxidant [21], anti-bacteria [22], anticancer [23], anti-depressant [24], anti-fungi [25] and antimicrobial [26] activities. Epoxy chalcone derivatives also offers numerous synthetic strategies of organic compounds via ring opening reaction under specific conditions to form C-C bond [27][28][29].…”