Introduction: the treatment of Class III malocclusion in early age is one of the greatest
challenges for orthodontists, and the establishment of more effective treatment
method is a constant concern for these professionals. Thus, the objective of this
systematic review is to verify the effectiveness of the therapy protocol for
alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) in the early
treatment of Class III malocclusion. Methods:searches were performed in the following electronic databases: Cochrane Library,
Medline (EBSCO and PubMed), SciELO, LILACS and Scopus. The following inclusion
criteria were used: in vivo studies conducted with early
intervention (patient in craniofacial development phase) with the use of the
Alt-RAMEC protocol. Reviews, case reports, editorials, and studies with syndromic
patients or under use of systemic drug were excluded. Duplicates were also
excluded. The studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Cochrane
tool for assessment of risk of bias, and classified as high or low risk of bias.
Results:53 articles were found. Duplicates exclusion was thus performed and 35 articles
remained. After inclusion analysis, only 5 matched the criteria. Two articles were
classified as low risk of bias and three as high risk of bias. It was observed
that the Alt-RAMEC enable protraction in less time and with better results,
promoting greater effectiveness in the protraction treatment of Class III
malocclusion. Conclusions:Although there is positive evidence of the effectiveness of early treatment with
the Alt-RAMEC protocol in patients with Class III malocclusion, further studies
are needed to confirm its effectiveness using long-term methodology.