Surface modifications of LiNbO3 single crystals induced by swift heavy ions

Canut, B.; Ramos, S.M.M.; Brenier, R.; Thévenard, P.; Loubet, Jean‐Luc; Toulemonde, M.

doi:10.1016/0168-583x(95)00812-8

Cited by 79 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For example, damage induced defects by ion irradiations in lithium niobate were observed for swift (GeV range) 112 Sn, 155 Gd, and 238 U ions with fluences extending not below 10 10 cm −2 for the high electronic stopping power (dE/dx) e , between 18 and 40 keV nm −1 [30]. In this case damage cross-section σ d varies from 4 × 10 −13 to 1.4 × 10 −12 cm 2 [30]. Each of these processes (electronic interactions, nuclear collisions) can result in the creation of optically active centers in Bi irradiated LNO crystals.…”

Section: The Irradiation Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Annealing and Irradiation by Heavy Ions on Optical Absorption of Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

Потера

Stefaniuk

2016

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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The present work is devoted to investigation of optical absorption changes in Fe and Cu doped LiNbO3 (LNO) single crystals induced during annealing in vacuum and air as well as under influence of the 209 Bi ions irradiation with energy 11.4 MeV/u (MeV per nucleon) and a fluence 5 × 10 11 cm −2 at room temperature. The analysis of changes of absorption of the crystal during air annealing have been studied in the Arrhenius coordinates and activation energies have been determined.

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Section: The Irradiation Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Annealing and Irradiation by Heavy Ions on Optical Absorption of Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

Потера

Stefaniuk

2016

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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“…A number of previous experiments [23][24][25] have shown that an amorphous ͑latent͒ track is generated for each single ion impact in a virgin ͑nonirradiated͒ sample whenever the electronic stopping power S e exceeds an intrinsic threshold value S th . Figure 1͑a͒ schematically illustrates the morphology of the created track, which includes a central amorphous core and a surrounding defective halo containing point and extended defects.…”

Section: A Single Impact Experiments "Low Fluences…: Thresholdingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the purpose of this work is to present experimental observations of a number of relevant phenomenological features and explore whether a correlation between laser and ion damage can be reasonably established. We will specifically focus on a relevant photonic material, 18 LiNbO 3 ͑having a gap of around 4 eV͒, where some systematic information on the effect of femtosecond laser [19][20][21][22] and swift-ion irradiation [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][23][24][25] ready available. To the best of our knowledge, only a few systematic comparisons have so far been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser and swift-ion damage in lithium niobate: A comparative analysis

García-Navarro

Agulló‐López

Olivares

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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A first principles study of the lattice stability of diamond-structure semiconductors under intense laser irradiation J. Appl. Phys. 113, 023301 (2013) High-order sideband generation in bulk GaAs Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 012104 (2013) Defect mediated reversible ferromagnetism in Co and Mn doped zinc oxide epitaxial films J. Appl. Phys. 112, 113917 (2012) Time-domain sampling of x-ray pulses using an ultrafast sample response Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 243106 (2012) The effects of vacuum ultraviolet radiation on low-k dielectric films App. Phys. Rev. 2012Rev. , 12 (2012 Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. Relevant damage features associated with femtosecond pulse laser and swift-ion irradiations on LiNbO 3 crystals are comparatively discussed. Experiments described in this paper include irradiations with repetitive femtosecond-laser pulses ͑800 nm, 130 fs͒ and irradiation with O, F, Si, and Cl ions at energies in the range of 0.2-1 MeV/amu where electronic stopping power is dominant. Data are semiquantitatively discussed by using a two-step phenomenological scheme. The first step corresponds to massive electronic excitation either by photons ͑primarily three-photon absorption͒ or ions ͑via ion-electron collisions͒ leading to a dense electron-hole plasma. The second step involves the relaxation of the stored excitation energy causing bond breaking and defect generation. It is described at a phenomenological level within a unified thermal spike scheme previously developed to account for damage by swift ions. A key common feature for the two irradiation sources is a well-defined intrinsic threshold in the deposited energy density U th required to initiate observable damage in a pristine crystal: U th Ϸ 1.3ϫ 10 4 −2ϫ 10 4 J / cm 3 for amorphization in the case of ions and U th Ϸ 7 ϫ 10 4 J / cm 3 for ablation in the case of laser pulses. The morphology of the heavily damaged regions ͑ion-induced tracks and laser-induced craters͒ generated above threshold and its evolution with the deposited energy are also comparatively discussed. The data show that damage in both types of experiments is cumulative and increases on successive irradiations. As a consequence, a certain incubation energy density has to be delivered either by the ions or laser photons in order to start observable damage under subthreshold conditions. The parallelism between the effects of laser pulses and ion impacts is well appreciated when they are described in terms of the ratio between the deposited energy density and the corresponding threshold value.

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“…In fact, it is well known that every single ion generates a well-defined amorphous track of nanometre diameter whenever its stopping power is above such a threshold value. These tracks have been observed and investigated by a variety of techniques [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and offer interesting possibilities for nano-structuring and nano-patterning of materials in electronics and photonics [11,[30][31][32]. Although the detailed structure of the tracks is not definitely known for most materials and it may be quite complex, it has been, indeed, observed that it includes a central amorphous core surrounded by an extensive halo containing elastically stressed regions as well as point defects (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic (stress–strain) halo associated with ion-induced nano-tracks in lithium niobate: role of crystal anisotropy

Rivera¹,

Garcia²,

Olivares³

et al. 2011

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The elastic strain/stress fields (halo) around a compressed amorphous nano-track (core) caused by a single high-energy ion impact on LiNbO 3 are calculated. A method is developed to approximately account for the effects of crystal anisotropy of LiNbO 3 (symmetry 3m) on the stress fields for tracks oriented along the crystal axes (X, Y or Z). It only considers the zero-order (axial) harmonic contribution to the displacement field in the perpendicular plane and uses effective Poisson moduli for each particular orientation. The anisotropy is relatively small; however, it accounts for some differential features obtained for irradiations along the crystallographic axes X, Y and Z. In particular, the irradiation-induced disorder (including halo) and the associated surface swelling appear to be higher for irradiations along the X-or Y -axis in comparison with those along the Z-axis. Other irradiation effects can be explained by the model, e.g. fracture patterns or the morphology of pores after chemical etching of tracks. Moreover, it offers interesting predictions on the effect of irradiation on lattice parameters.

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Surface modifications of LiNbO3 single crystals induced by swift heavy ions

Cited by 79 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of Annealing and Irradiation by Heavy Ions on Optical Absorption of Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

Influence of Annealing and Irradiation by Heavy Ions on Optical Absorption of Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

Femtosecond laser and swift-ion damage in lithium niobate: A comparative analysis

Elastic (stress–strain) halo associated with ion-induced nano-tracks in lithium niobate: role of crystal anisotropy

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