Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Phorate and Fenthion Pesticide in Apple Skin Using Silver Nanoparticles

Abstract

Traditional pesticide residue detection methods are usually complicated, time consuming, and expensive. Rapid, portable, online, and real-time detection kits are the developing direction of pesticide testing. In this paper, we used a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique to detect the organophosphate pesticide residue of phorate and fenthion in apple skin, for the purpose of finding a fast, simple, and convenient detection method for pesticide detection. The results showed that the characteristic wavenumbers of the two organophosphorus pesticides are more easily identified using SERS. We selected the Raman peaks at 728 cm(-1) of phorate and 1215 cm(-1) of fenthion as the target peaks for quantitative analysis, and utilized internal standards to establish linear regression models for phorate and fenthion. The detection limit was 0.05 mg/L for phorate and 0.4 mg/L for fenthion. This method can be used as a quantitative analytical reference for the detection of phorate and fenthion.

Optimization of a hybrid plasmonic configuration: particle on a corrugated film and its SERS application

“…32,[40][41][42][43][44] They found that additional hotspots were created or transferred in shell-isolated nanoparticle aggregates when located over noble metal lm, facilitating Raman signal improvement. Similar work was done by Yu's group, 45,46 Wang's group 31 and Shin's group. 47,48 In these works, NPs aggregates were assembled on a at noble metal lm.…”

Silver‐based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy devices for detection of organophosphorus pesticides traces

“…The optimization in the sensitivity degree of SERS‐active nanostructures is typically focused on modifications in its shape, size, composition, and aggregation level. Different methods of preparation consider reducing agents such as sodium citrate, the irradiation with UV–Vis light, sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), formic acid, sodium citrate and NaBH4, butylamine, agarose, ascorbic acid, ethylene glycol, ammonia, polyvinyl(pyrrolidone)—PVP, sodium citrate, and ascorbic acid . Table summarizes different Ag‐based SERS systems and the influence of reducing agents on detection level of different pesticides.…”

“…Zhou et al reported the use of NaBH 4 in the synthesis of AgNPs on the natural basil seed, due to their inherent hierarchical micro/nanostructure that provides excellent framework for use as active SERS hot spots, making use of basil seeds expansion upon water uptake, based on adequate interaction between the AgNPs and the analyte in response of trapping provided by swollen network with high density of hot spots applied in the detection of methyl parathion. Li et al reported the use of AgNPs reduced by NaBH 4 in the identification of pesticide residues of phorate and fenthion. It is mentioned that NaBH 4 has strong reductive capability, which is associated with capability to form small AgNPs aggregates …”

Potential Application of Gold Nanospheres as a Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensor for In-Situ Detection of Residual Fungicides

“…The physical factor is the enhancement of the electromagnetic field on the nanoparticle surface due to the surface plasmon resonance, while the chemical factor is the electrical resonance and charge transfer between the adsorbent molecules and the metal surface [5]. SERS can be observed on the surface of several of nanoparticles such as Au, Ag, Pt, Cu and Pd [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Among them, gold nanoparticles with non-toxicity and high bioactivity have gained much interest, and they present a wide range of applications in modern medical and biological studies such as drug, DNA and antigens delivery; biosensorics, genomics, immunoanalysis, detection of microorganisms and cancer cells and bioimaging [12].…”