Triglycerides (TG) not only provide energy for infants but have important physiological functions. Understanding the composition and structure of TG in human milk is conducive to the development of infant formulas. In this study, TG species in human milk from 3 provincial capitals (Zhengzhou, Wuhan, and Harbin) in different regions of China were determined through C18 HPLC electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS). The results showed that in human milk from these 3 regions, oleoyl-palmitoyl-linoleoylglycerol (OPL; 16.55, 19.20, and 18.67%, respectively) was more abundant than oleoyl-palmitoyl-oleoylglycerol (OPO; 10.08, 10.22, and 12.03%, respectively). Subsequently, regioisomeric and enantiomeric analysis of main TG in the human milk were performed on silver ion and chiral HPLC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI)-MS, respectively. The results showed that rac-OPL (above 85%), rac-OPO (above 85%), rac-palmitoyl-oleoyl-oleoylglycerol (PPO; above 90%), and rac-OLaO (above 70%) were the main regioisomers of OPL, OPO, PPO, and lauroyl-oleoyloleoylglycerol (LaOO), respectively. The relative ratios of enantiomer pairs of rac-OPL (rac-OPL1 and rac-OPL2) were about 37 and 63%, respectively.
Traditional pesticide residue detection methods are usually complicated, time consuming, and expensive. Rapid, portable, online, and real-time detection kits are the developing direction of pesticide testing. In this paper, we used a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique to detect the organophosphate pesticide residue of phorate and fenthion in apple skin, for the purpose of finding a fast, simple, and convenient detection method for pesticide detection. The results showed that the characteristic wavenumbers of the two organophosphorus pesticides are more easily identified using SERS. We selected the Raman peaks at 728 cm(-1) of phorate and 1215 cm(-1) of fenthion as the target peaks for quantitative analysis, and utilized internal standards to establish linear regression models for phorate and fenthion. The detection limit was 0.05 mg/L for phorate and 0.4 mg/L for fenthion. This method can be used as a quantitative analytical reference for the detection of phorate and fenthion.
9096 Background: We previously reported (Lu, ASCO 2021, abstract # 9013) that treatment with aumolertinib (Au), a 3rd generation EGFR TKI, led to robust improvement in progression free survival (PFS) (median PFS 19.3 to 9.9 months, HR = 0.46, p < 0.0001) when compared to gefitinib (G) with a predictable and encouraging safety profile. This benefit was maintained across all prespecified stratification factors including the subset of ̃ 27% of patients (pts) with CNS metastases (HR = 0.38). Here we undertook this analysis to more fully characterize the activity and benefit of Au as compared to G in this clinically important subset of EGFR mutant NSCLC pts. Methods: Pts with previously untreated metastatic or locally advanced NSCLC with EGFR sensitizing mutations were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either Au (110 mg QD) or G (250 mg QD). Predefined stratification factors were EGFR-mutated status (Ex19del vs L858R) and CNS metastases (yes vs no). Patients with stable, asymptomatic CNS metastases were eligible for enrollment. All pts had baseline brain imaging by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. The primary endpoint was PFS assessed by investigator per RECIST v1.1 in full analysis set (systemic analysis). Independent CNS efficacy was performed both in pts with baseline CNS metastases (CNS full analysis set, cFAS) and in pts with baseline CNS target lesions (CNS evaluable-for-response set, cEFS) by blinded independent central neuroradiology review (BICR) per RECIST v1.1. Results: Of 429 pts, 106 pts (Au, n = 51; G, n = 55) were found to have CNS metastases (cFAS) and 61 pts (Au, n = 29; G, n = 32) had CNS target lesions as defined by RECIST 1.1 (cEFS) at baseline by BICR. At the cutoff date (Aug 6, 2021), based on cEFS, CNS PFS events were observed in 11 pts (38%) treated with Au versus 20 pts (63%) who were randomized to receive G. Treatment with Au significantly prolonged CNS median PFS compared with G (29.0 vs 8.3 months; HR = 0.300; 95% CI, 0.137-0.657; P = 0.0015). Estimated CNS PFS rate at 12 and 18 months were 71% and 62% in Au arm compared with 23% and 0% in G arm. The confirmed CNS ORR were 82.8% and 75.0% in pts treated with Au and G, respectively (odds ratio = 1.600; 95% CI, 0.457-5.597; P = 0.4621). Au also achieved longer CNS median PFS over G in cFAS (29.0 vs 8.3 months; HR = 0.323; 95% CI, 0.181-0.576; P < 0.0001). No new safety findings were observed. Conclusions: Au demonstrated superior clinical efficacy against CNS metastases over G as first-line therapy in EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC, and the safety profile was consistent with that reported previously. Additional randomized studies of Au in pts with CNS metastases are ongoing (NCT04870190). Clinical trial information: NCT03849768.
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