Sucrose concentration and pH in liquid oral pediatric medicines of long-term use for children

Passos, Isabela Albuquerque; Sampaio, Fábio Correia; Martínez, Cosme Rafael; Freitas, Cláudia Helena Soares de Morais

doi:10.1590/s1020-49892010000200007

Cited by 40 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The erosive potential of ferrous sulfate hypothesized by Passos et al (25), was confirmed in the present research. However, most of the studies are performed on a permanent tooth substrate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

In Vitro Erosive Effect of Pediatric Medicines on Deciduous Tooth Enamel

et al. 2014

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This study evaluated, in vitro, the erosive potential of pediatric liquid medicines in primary tooth enamel, depending on the exposure time. Sixty deciduous incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=15), according to the immersion solutions: guaifenesin; ferrous sulfate; salbutamol sulfate and artificial saliva. The immersion cycles in the medicines were undertaken under a 1-min agitation, which wasperformed three times daily, during 28 days. Surface microhardness was measured at 7,14, 21 and 28 days. The titratable acidity and buffering capacity of the immersion media were determined. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Salbutamol sulfate caused a gradual loss in enamel microhardness deciduous, observed at all times (p<0.005). Exposure to guaifenesin or ferrous sulfate resulted in significant decrease of enamel microhardness only after 28 days (p<0.005). In the control group (artificial saliva), microhardness did not changed (p>0.005) at any of the studied times. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images revealed that after 28 days the surfaces clearly exhibited structural loss, which was unlike those immersed in artificial saliva. Erosion of deciduous enamel was dependent on the type of medicine and exposure time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

In Vitro Erosive Effect of Pediatric Medicines on Deciduous Tooth Enamel

et al. 2014

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“…However, higher sugar contents were observed in other studies with percentages ranging from 65.0% [15] to 86.9% [17]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Erosive and cariogenicity potential of pediatric drugs: study of physicochemical parameters

et al. 2013

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BackgroundPediatric medications may possess a high erosive potential to dental tissues due to the existence of acid components in their formulations. The purpose was to determine the erosive and cariogenic potential of pediatric oral liquid medications through the analysis of their physicochemical properties in vitro.MethodsA total of 59 substances were selected from the drug reference list of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), which belong to 11 therapeutic classes, as follows: analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, corticosteroids, antihistamines, antitussives, bronchodilators, antibacterials, antiparasitics, antiemetics, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics. Measurement of pH was performed by potentiometry, using a digital pH meter. For the Total Titratable Acidity (TTA) chemical assay, a 0.1 N NaOH standard solution was used, which was titrated until drug pH was neutralized. The Total Soluble Solids Contents (TSSC) quantification was carried out by refractometry using Brix scale and the analysis of Total Sugar Content was performed according to Fehling’s method. In addition, it was analyzed the information contained in the drug inserts with regard to the presence of sucrose and type of acid and sweetener added to the formulations.ResultsAll drug classes showed acidic pH, and the lowest mean was found for antipsychotics (2.61 ± 0.08). There was a large variation in the TTA (0.1% - 1.18%) and SST (10.44% - 57.08%) values. High total sugar contents were identified in the antitussives (53.25%) and anticonvulsants (51.75%). As described in the drug inserts, sucrose was added in 47.5% of the formulations, as well as citric acid (39.0%), sodium saccharin (36.4%) and sorbitol (34.8%).ConclusionThe drugs analyzed herein showed physicochemical characteristics indicative of a cariogenic and erosive potential on dental tissues. Competent bodies’ strategies should be implemented in order to broaden the knowledge of health professionals, drug manufacturers and general consuming public about the risks from the consumption of medicines potentially harmful to dental tissues.

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“…Although the development of erosion is also influenced by the enamel type, temperature and acid exposition time (12). Passos et al (13) observed in the sample the mean ± SD of endogenous pH and compared between groups: endocrine, nutrition and blood group had lower mean (3.8 ± 1.0 and 4.3 ± 1.8, respectively), while anti-infective and cardiovasculary system group had mean pH higher than the critical value (5.5) to enamel desmineralization. The mean pH of iron sulfate had high influence on the mean pH of nutrition and blood groups (minimum and maximum pH 2.3 ± 0.01 and 3.6 ± 0.2, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride concentration and pH of pediatric medicines regulary and long-term used by children

Passos

Freitas²,

Sampaio³

2011

Med Oral

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Objectives: Our aim in this study was to determine the fluoride concentration and pH of 71 pediatric medicines regularly and long-term used by children. Study Design: The fluoride concentration was evaluated by selective electrode of fluoride (Orion). The pH was confronted using specific electrode (Orion) coupled to a potentiometer (Orion). The analyses were accomplished in duplicate. Pearson´s correlation and Kruskal-Wallis test were used. P-values below 5% were considered statistically significant. Results: Medicine pH averages ± SD varied from 2.3 ±0.01 to up 10.6 ±0.02. Values below critical pH were observed in 42.25% (n=30) of presentations, with 25.35% (n=18) below 4.5 pH. Most medicines (84.5%) presented fluoride concentration below 0.05 mg/L. Conclusions: Among the pediatric medicines evaluated, this study has showed that 2-4 times-a-day posology and syrup formulations presented lowest pH and fluoride concentration, resulting in factors that predict highest cariogenic and erosive potential.

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Sucrose concentration and pH in liquid oral pediatric medicines of long-term use for children

Cited by 40 publications

References 13 publications

In Vitro Erosive Effect of Pediatric Medicines on Deciduous Tooth Enamel

In Vitro Erosive Effect of Pediatric Medicines on Deciduous Tooth Enamel

Erosive and cariogenicity potential of pediatric drugs: study of physicochemical parameters

Fluoride concentration and pH of pediatric medicines regulary and long-term used by children

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