Submicrosecond Pulsed Power Capacitors Based on Novel Ceramic Technologies

Domonkos, Matthew T.; Heidger, S.; Brown, D.R.; Parker, J.V.; Gregg, C.W.; Slenes, Kirk; Hackenberger, Wes; Kwon, Seongtae; Loree, Ellis L.; Tran, Tyrone C.

doi:10.1109/tps.2010.2049124

Cited by 48 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Charge and discharge rates are extremely fast compared to Li-ion batteries or fuel cells and they are hence an obvious choice for pulsepower applications. [1][2][3] Equally, as their operation is not reliant on the kinetics associated with large-scale ion migration, they can demonstrate strong thermal stability, 4 and can operate reliably in high temperature environments where other technologies struggle. 5,6 A major drawback, however, is that the energy stored per unit volume (energy density) in bulk and thick film devices is relatively low: in BaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3 (STO), or PbZrO 3 bulk ceramics 7 and in commercial X7R capacitors 8,9 typical energy densities have been found to be 1-2 Jcc À1 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hints as to how polarisation smearing to high field values might be successfully realised in real systems are already manifest in the functional characteristics of most thin film capacitors: Figure 1(b) presents the typical variation in P-E behaviour that is seen between bulk ceramic or single crystal material and carefully grown thin films (in this case for BiFeO 3 developed is similar in all cases ($60 lCcm À2 ), and is a fundamental property of the electroceramic, the field required to achieve saturation is significantly larger for the 200 nm thin film than for the bulk.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increasing recoverable energy storage in electroceramic capacitors using “dead-layer” engineering

McMillen¹,

Douglas²,

Correia³

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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The manner in which ultrathin films of alumina, deposited at the dielectric-electrode interface, affect the recoverable energy density associated with (BiFeO3)0.6–(SrTiO3)0.4 (BFST) thin film capacitors has been characterised. Approximately 6 nm of alumina on 400 nm of BFST increases the maximum recoverable energy of the system by around 30% from ∼13 Jcc−1 to ∼17 Jcc−1. Essentially, the alumina acts in the same way as a naturally present parasitic “dead-layer,” distorting the polarisation-field response such that the ultimate polarisation associated with the BFST is pushed to higher values of electric field. The work acts as a proof-of-principle to illustrate how the design of artificial interfacial dielectric “dead-layers” can increase energy densities in simple dielectric capacitors, allowing them to compete more generally with other energy storage technologies.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing recoverable energy storage in electroceramic capacitors using “dead-layer” engineering

McMillen¹,

Douglas²,

Correia³

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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“…3,4 As the output voltage of a single stage PFN is limited by the insulation strength of the capacitors and the voltage that a single ceramic capacitor could withstand has been up to 50 kV, 4,5 the ceramic capacitors are often stacked in series and the PFN-Marx structure is proposed to generate high voltage square pulse to increase the output voltage. [4][5][6] However, the stacked structure will bring the self-inductance of the stacked capacitor together, and the inductance introduced by the connection wire is also inevitable in PFN-Marx systems. 7,8 These factors can cause a rise time greater than tens of nanoseconds if without the pulse sharpening technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A compact 100 kV high voltage glycol capacitor

Wang

Liu

Feng

2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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A high voltage capacitor is described in this paper. The capacitor uses glycerol as energy storage medium, has a large capacitance close to 1 nF, can hold off voltages of up to 100 kV for μs charging time. Allowing for low inductance, the capacitor electrode is designed as coaxial structure, which is different from the common structure of the ceramic capacitor. With a steady capacitance at different frequencies and a high hold-off voltage of up to 100 kV, the glycol capacitor design provides a potential substitute for the ceramic capacitors in pulse-forming network modulator to generate high voltage pulses with a width longer than 100 ns.

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“…Dielectric materials play a key role in power capacitors for charge control and energy storage. [1][2][3] Polymer dielectrics are currently the primary choice of materials for high energy density capacitors owing to their relatively high breakdown strength, low dielectric loss and low cost. The polymers in commercial power capacitors include polyethylene terephthalate(PET), polycarbonate(PC), polypropylene(PP), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ceramic capacitors exhibit low breakdown strength due to microstructural defects, which results in a low energy density. 7,8) The energy that can be stored in a capacitor depends on the relative dielectric constant and the square of the breakdown strength of the dielectric layer according to equation (1) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sputtering Pressure on the Properties of BaTiO3 Films for High Energy Density Capacitors

Park¹

2014

Korean. J. Mater. Res.

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Flexible BaTiO 3 films as dielectric materials for high energy density capacitors were deposited on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates by r.f. magnetron sputtering. The growth behavior, microstructure and electrical properties of the flexible BaTiO 3 films were dependent on the sputtering pressure during sputtering. The RMS roughness and crystallite size of the BaTiO 3 increased with increasing sputtering pressure. All BaTiO 3 films had an amorphous structure, regardless of the sputtering pressures, due to the low PET substrate temperature. The composition of films showed an atomic ratio (Ba:Ti:O) of 0.9:1.1:3. The electrical properties of the BaTiO 3 films were affected by the microstructure and roughness. The BaTiO 3 films prepared at 100 mTorr exhibited a dielectric constant of ~80 at 1 kHz and a leakage current of 10 −8 A at 400 kV/cm. Also, films showed polarization of 8 µC/cm 2 at 100 kV/cm and remnant polarization (P r ) of 2 µC/cm 2 . This suggests that sputter deposited flexible BaTiO 3 films are a promising dielectric that can be used in high energy density capacitors owing to their high dielectric constant, low leakage current and stable preparation by sputtering.

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Submicrosecond Pulsed Power Capacitors Based on Novel Ceramic Technologies

Cited by 48 publications

References 9 publications

Increasing recoverable energy storage in electroceramic capacitors using “dead-layer” engineering

Increasing recoverable energy storage in electroceramic capacitors using “dead-layer” engineering

A compact 100 kV high voltage glycol capacitor

Effects of Sputtering Pressure on the Properties of BaTiO3 Films for High Energy Density Capacitors

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