“…Several research results showed that online learning positively impacted students' motivation and learning outcomes (Hasanah et al, 2020;Khurriyati et al, 2021;Mandailina et al, 2021;Safrawita, 2021;Wasiah, 2021;Yuliana, 2021). Meanwhile, several other research results showed the opposite result; namely, online learning had a negative impact on student motivation and learning outcomes (Basa & Hudaidah, 2021;Fadilla et al, 2021;Mukuka et al, 2021;Noori, 2021;Sukma & Priatna, 2021;Utami & Cahyono, 2020;Wasiah, 2021;Yohannes et al, 2021;Yunitasari & Hanifah, 2020).…”