Structural, photoconductivity, and dielectric studies of polythiophene-tin oxide nanocomposites

Murugavel, Sevi; Malathi, M.

doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2016.05.004

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Most studies of the light-induced changes in the conductivity of SnO 2 thin films and nanostructures have shown that near-band-gap illumination produces a relatively fast increase in electrical conductivity and that this enhanced state tends to persist after the illumination is removed. − Although the characteristics of the PPC effect vary widely between studies, the recovery of the initial dark state typically involves time scales several orders of magnitude longer than the rise time. Enhancement factors ranging from a few percent of the dark current to several orders of magnitude and recovery times from a few minutes to several hours have been reported, ,,, with no real consensus as to the mechanisms governing this behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO₂ Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

2021

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The persistent photoconductivity (PPC) of high-quality SnO2(101) films grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) was investigated as a function of atmosphere, carrier concentration (n) and temperature (T = 300–10 K). The decay of the persistent photocurrent induced by sub-band-gap (405 nm) illumination was well described by the Kohlrausch stretched-exponential function, with the largest characteristic recovery times (τ) achieved in high-vacuum conditions, and a steady decrease in τ observed at increasing pressures above 1 Torr. This is consistent with the accepted PPC model involving the light-induced desorption and postillumination readsorption of an acceptor-like surface adsorbate, and the associated removal and reformation of a near-surface electron depletion layer. However, no difference in τ was found in 100% N2 and 100% O2 atmospheres, which is surprising given the dominant acceptor role usually assigned to adsorbed oxygen species, in particular O2 – superoxide ions. In contrast, a significant decrease in τ was observed in humid N2, with a smaller decrease found in air, suggesting that water vapor plays a dominant role in the PPC of high-quality MBE SnO2 films. An almost 100-fold increase in τ with increasing n from ∼1016 to ∼1019 cm–3 was observed, with the photocurrent consistent with a simple parallel conduction model involving the decrease in the thickness of the electron depletion layer from ∼80 to ∼1 nm with n. Temperature-dependent measurements from 300 to 10 K revealed a significant decrease in τ with decreasing T that matched the temperature dependence of n, while the presence of two different recovery mechanisms was observed at T below 100 K.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO₂ Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

2021

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“…Thus, thermal analysis in essence indicates better thermal stability of PPY and PTP nanocomposites than that of corresponding pristine polymers. The synthesized nanocomposites demonstrate enhanced thermal stability in comparison to that reported in the literature − (Table ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Study of Thermal, Electrical, and Photocatalytic Activity of Iron Complex Doped Polypyrrole and Polythiophene Nanocomposites

Moosvi

Majid

Ara

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Nanocomposites of polypyrrole (PPY) and polythiophene (PTP) were prepared with [Fe(TEMED)(H2O)(CN)3]·H2O photoadduct via the oxidative chemical polymerization method. The morphologies and structures of the photoadduct and nanocomposites were studied by XRD, SEM, and FTIR characterization techniques. Thermal and electrical properties of nanocomposites were found to be significantly improved in comparison to pristine polymers. The photocatalytic activities of samples were studied by monitoring the degradation of methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB), and Eosin Gelblich (EG) dyes under irradiation, using a UV–vis spectrophotometer. The samples were found to exhibit promising photocatalytic activities against dye degradation under light illumination. Results also showed attenuation in photodegradation of the MO dye by the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate dihydrate (EDTA-Na2; C10H14N2Na2O8·2H2O) (hole scavenger) and tert-butyl alcohol (C4H10O) (radical scavenger). This clearly indicated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the photocatalytic activity. The synthesized nanocomposite systems were also explored for the treatment of dye industry effluents in wastewater.

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“…The abrupt band appearance at 783 cm −1 is equivalent to the out-ofplane vibrational mode of the bond shared between C and H in the thiophene ring [27]. An in-plane deformity in the C-H bond is signified by an apparent vibrational band observed at 1042 cm −1 [28]. Alternatively, the emergence of a band at 692 cm −1 matching the bending mode of the C-S bond proves the existence of thiophene [29].…”

Section: Environmental Applications and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Performance of Different AgTiO2 Loading into Poly(3-Nitrothiophene) for Efficient Adsorption of Hazardous Brilliant Green and Crystal Violet Dyes

Alqarni

2022

International Journal of Polymer Science

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The in-situ polymerization technology was used to successfully produce nanostructured binary nanocomposites (NCs) made from a poly (3-nitrothiophen) matrix (P3NT) that were loaded effectively with nanoparticles (NPs) of silver titanium dioxide (AgTiO2), of varying percentages (10%, 20%, and 30%). A uniform coating of P3NT covers the AgTiO2 NPs. Various methods were performed to confirm the fabrication of the binary P3NT/AgTiO2 NCs adsorbents, such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. Both dyes (brilliant green (B.G.) and crystal violet (C.V.)) were removed from liquid media by using the binary P3NT/AgTiO2 NCs. A range of batch adsorption studies was used to optimize various factors that impact the elimination of B.G. or C.V. dyes, including the pH, weight of the binary P3NT/AgTiO2 NC, proportion of AgTiO2 NP, time, and temperature. The pseudo-second-order kinetics ( R 2 = 0.999 ) was better adapted for the adsorption procedure’s empirical data whereby the maximum adsorption capacity of the C.V. dye was 43.10 mg/g and ( R 2 = 0.996 ) the maximum adsorption potential was 40.16 mg/g for B.G. dye, succeeded by the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Moreover, the adhesion of B.G. and C.V. pigments on the layers of NCs involves an endothermic reaction. In addition, the concocted adsorbent not only exhibited strong adsorption characteristics during four consecutive cycles but also possessed a higher potential for its reuse. According to the findings, the NCs might possibly be used as a robust and reusable adsorbent to remove B.G. and C.V. pigments from an aqueous medium.

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Structural, photoconductivity, and dielectric studies of polythiophene-tin oxide nanocomposites

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO₂ Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO₂ Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

Study of Thermal, Electrical, and Photocatalytic Activity of Iron Complex Doped Polypyrrole and Polythiophene Nanocomposites

The Performance of Different AgTiO2 Loading into Poly(3-Nitrothiophene) for Efficient Adsorption of Hazardous Brilliant Green and Crystal Violet Dyes

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Structural, photoconductivity, and dielectric studies of polythiophene-tin oxide nanocomposites

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO2 Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO2 Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

Study of Thermal, Electrical, and Photocatalytic Activity of Iron Complex Doped Polypyrrole and Polythiophene Nanocomposites

The Performance of Different AgTiO2 Loading into Poly(3-Nitrothiophene) for Efficient Adsorption of Hazardous Brilliant Green and Crystal Violet Dyes

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Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO₂ Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration

Persistent Photoconductivity in SnO₂ Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: The Dominant Roles of Water Vapor and Carrier Concentration