Structural characteristics of tiller age categories of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass swards fertilized with nitrogen

Paiva, Adenilson José; Silva, Sila Carneiro da; Pereira, Lilian Elgalise Techio; Guarda, V. D. A.; Pereira, Priscila de Mesquita; Caminha, Fábio Olegário

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982012000100004

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The mature and old tillers were heavier than the young tillers (Table 3). This can be explained by the fact that mature and old tillers, because they are generally longer (PAIVA et al, 2012), need a more developed supporting organ (stem). As the stem is denser than the leaf, it contributes to the increase of the tiller weight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marandu palisade grass management strategies at the beginning of the deferment period and effects on tillering

Santos

Ávila

Carvalho

et al. 2018

SCA

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Pasture mowing at the beginning of deferment stimulates tillering and can be used in different ways. The aim of this study was to understand how the mowing of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu Syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu palisade grass) prior to the deferment period modifies tillering activity and the characteristics of young, mature, and old tillers. Three mowing strategies were evaluated: canopies kept at a height of 15 cm for five months before deferment (15/15 cm); canopies kept at 30 cm (30/15 cm) or 45 cm (45/15 cm) for five months before deferment and posteriorly cut to 15 cm at the start of the deferment period. The structural characteristics of young, mature, and old tillers of marandu palisade grass were compared only at the end of the deferment period. The tiller appearance rate was greater before (16.0%) than during (6.4%) the deferment period, but a contrasting response pattern was observed for the tiller mortality rate. The defoliation strategies that resulted in greater numbers of tillers in the canopies were 30/15 cm (2,098 tillers m -²) and 45/15 cm (2,160 tillers m -2 ). The defoliation strategy that generated the greatest percentage of young tillers in the canopy was 45/15 cm (26.1%), while the percentage of old tillers was greater in the canopies submitted to the 15/15 cm (64.1%) and 30/15 cm (61.5%) strategies. Weight and percentage of live stems of mature and old tillers were greater in relation to young tillers. The percentage of live leaves was grater in young tillers (52.6%), intermediate in mature tillers (41.4%), and lower in old tillers (21.3%). Regarding the percentage of dead leaves, the opposite trend was observed, where the percentage was greater in the old than in young tillers. Leaf area was greater in mature tillers (55.3 cm²) than in old tillers (29.2 cm²). Mowing of the marandu palisade grass to 15 cm at the beginning of the deferment period increases the number of young tillers, which have a more favorable morphological composition than mature and old tillers. (61,5 %). O peso e a percentagem de colmo vivo dos perfilhos maduros e velhos foram maiores em relação ao do perfilho jovem. A porcentagem de folha viva foi maior nos perfilhos jovens (52,6 %), intermediária no perfilho maduro (41,4 %) e menor no perfilho velho (21,3 %). A porcentagem de folha morta apresentou padrão de resposta contrário ao observado para a percentagem de folha viva. A área foliar foi maior no perfilho maduro (55,3 cm²) e menor no perfilho velho (29,2 cm²). O rebaixamento do capim-marandu de 45 para 15 cm no início do diferimento aumenta o número de perfilhos jovens no dossel e esses perfilhos possuem melhor composição morfológica, em relação aos maduros e velhos. Palavras-chave: Área foliar. Composição morfológica. Idade do perfilho. Urochloa brizantha.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marandu palisade grass management strategies at the beginning of the deferment period and effects on tillering

Santos

Ávila

Carvalho

et al. 2018

SCA

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“…On that occasion, probably corresponding to the onset of the pre-flowering stage, the increased availability of this nutrient was used for the development of the reproductive organs of the plant. In each of the developmental stage of the forage, the structural characteristics of the plant may vary depending on local availability of nutrients, physiological age of the tiller and potential response of these tillers to management practices (PAIVA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass flow and defoliation pattern in alexandergrass fertilized with nitrogen

Hundertmarck¹,

Rocha²,

Pötter³

et al. 2017

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:The determination of biomass flows can assist on improving pasture fertilization techniques, contributing to identify the best management methods and, in relation the use of fertilizers. Nitrogen deficiency in pastures can reduce forage production. On the other hand, there is an environmental concern on nitrogen (N) losses when this nutrient is used in excess and this concern guides the search for new grazing systems that optimize its use. Leaf biomass flow, intensity and frequency of defoliation were evaluated in Alexandergrass (Urochloa plantaginea (Link) Hitch) fertilized with Zero, 100, 200 or 300 kg/ha nitrogen (N) as urea. The grazing method was put and take stocking in order to keep the forage mass at 3,000 kg/ha DM. The experimental animals were Angus heifers with an initial age of 15 months and body weight of 241.5±5 kg. The experimental design was completely randomized following a repeated measure arrangement, with four treatments and variable number of experimental units. The highest growth of leaf blades was achieved with 100 kg/ha N. Senescence and intake flows and defoliation intensity were similar among the N levels used. The frequency of return to the same tiller (days) was influenced by N levels and evaluation periods. Our findings recommend the use of 100 kg/ha N in Alexandergrass pasture.

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“…Additional benefits of nitrogen fertilisation would also be associated with the enhanced nutritive value of the herbage produced , due to the higher tissue and tiller turnover on swards fertilised with the higher rates of nitrogen , and higher growth potential of younger tillers under these conditions (Paiva et al, 2011;Paiva et al, 2012). The way to increase HUE under a rigid continuous stocking management would be to increase the probability of defoliation of leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present experiment is one of a series of experiments carried out concomitantly in the same area with the general aim of evaluating sward structure, herbage accumulation dynamics, tiller population demography and dynamics, patterns of defoliation and ingestive behaviour of the grazing animals (e.g. Caminha et al, 2010;Mesquita et al, 2010;Pereira et al, 2010;Paiva et al, 2011;Paiva et al, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbage utilisation efficiency of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass subjected to nitrogen fertilisation

Pereira

Paiva

Guarda

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Nitrogen fertiliser accelerates plant growth and increases herbage utilisation efficiency in continuously stocked temperate grass swards, indicating greater herbage production and harvest efficiency. There is no similar evidence, however, for tropical pastures. In this study we evaluated the morphogenetic responses, the patterns of defoliation and the efficiency of herbage utilisation of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. , there are compensatory mechanisms related to morphogenetic responses that buffer changes in utilisation efficiency.

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Structural characteristics of tiller age categories of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass swards fertilized with nitrogen

Cited by 44 publications

References 15 publications

Marandu palisade grass management strategies at the beginning of the deferment period and effects on tillering

Marandu palisade grass management strategies at the beginning of the deferment period and effects on tillering

Biomass flow and defoliation pattern in alexandergrass fertilized with nitrogen

Herbage utilisation efficiency of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass subjected to nitrogen fertilisation

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