Stability Analysis of Upland Cotton in Texas

Abstract

1347ReseaRch C otton fiber is a highly variable natural product. Depending on growing conditions and genotypes, fiber yield and quality can differ significantly across locations. There are, however, several fiber properties that govern the farm gate value of upland cotton: high volume instrument (HVI) upper-half mean length (UHML), fiber bundle strength (strength), micronaire, color, and trash content. Other fiber quality traits, for example, fiber maturity, that is, the secondary cell wall thickness relative to its perimeter, also impact end product quality but are not a part of the U.S. marketing system. Plant breeders working to improve upland cotton quality usually concentrate on UHML and strength while holding micronaire, uniformity of fiber length, and elongation of fiber before breakage within market or predetermined limits. In plant breeding, regardless of the crop species, breeding efforts tend to focus on genetic gain, primarily for yield, within their target environment or environments and yield and trait stability across their target environments, generally referred to as genotype ABSTRACT Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a high value cash crop for the southern United States with an annual production of over 3.2 million t. For breeders to fully maximize yield potential and to improve fiber properties of new cotton cultivars, it is important to use representative test locations to evaluate genotype × environment (G×E) effects and trait repeatability. In this study, G×E analysis was performed on 31 upland cotton genotypes developed by the Texas A&M AgriLife research Cotton Improvement Lab along with three commercial check cultivars. Seven distinct test locations across Texas representing major cotton growing regions were selected for the 2-yr study. All experimental plots were managed with standard field practices and were machine harvested to determine yield. Hand-harvested boll samples were ginned on a 10-saw laboratory gin and high volume instrument (HVI) fiber properties determined. Yield and lint percent along with HVI fiber bundle strength (strength) and upper-half mean length (UHML) were analyzed. optimum test locations were identified for lint yield, lint percent, strength, and UHML. Combined correlation analysis of all traits indicated a high association between fiber yield and lint percent but highly negative association of yield traits and UHML. repeatability of UHML and strength were 0.85 and 0.75, respectively, across all test locations in Texas over 2 yr suggesting a large genotypic component governing those traits.

Adaptability and Stability of Cotton Genotypes Regarding Fiber Yield and Quality Traits

“…Significant G´E interaction for FY in Mato Grosso had been previously verified by Souza et al (2006), Suinaga et al (2006), andFarias et al (2016). Similar results were observed by other authors in studies on cotton agronomic and fiber quality traits (Campbell and Jones, 2005;Baxevanos et al, 2008, Ng et al, 2013, Carvalho et al, 2015, Farias et al, 2016.…”

Research Article Evaluation of genotype x environment interactions in cotton using the method proposed by Eberhart and Russell and reaction norm models.

“…These results can be attributed to the edaphoclimatic differences between the sites (Table 1) and indicate the need for applying stability and adaptability methods to recommend the best genotypes. Similar results were obtained by Ng et al (2013), Joy et al (2012), and Campbell and Jones (2005), who also observed significant G x E interactions for the FY and FL traits.…”

Selectivity of chemical weed control systems in conventional cotton

“…These samples were used to determine the fibers technological quality through the HVI test (High Volume Instrument) for the following characteristics: average fiber length (AFL), length uniformity index (IU), short fiber content (SFC), resistance (RES), micronaire index (MIC) and maturity (MAT) (Ng et al, 2013).…”