Sphingolipids in human lens membranes: an update on their composition and possible biological implications

Yappert, Marta C.; Borchman, Douglas

doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2003.12.003

Cited by 69 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 206 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…In most cases, the high cholesterol in eye lens membranes correlates with high sphingomyelin content [4]. Unlike in any other part of the human body, the eye lens lipids in membranes gradually change their content proportions with age, increasing sphingomyelin content, and decreasing phosphatidylcholine and plasmalogens content [5].…”

Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the content of lipids derived from the eye lenses of various species

Panz

Lepiarczyk²,

Zuber³

2011

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Abstract:Abstract: Abstract: Abstract: Abstract: The lipid content in the eye lens was analyzed and compared among various species in this study. The eye lens lipids of the following species were investigated: cow, horse, duck, and freshwater trout. Additionally, the lipids derived from cataractous bovine lens and from cataractous human eye lens lipoprotein complexes were analyzed. The following lipid classes were detected in clear lenses: cholesterol, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyletanolamine, and phosphatidylserine. In cataractous bovine lens and in lipoprotein complexes from human nuclear cataract, phosphatidyloinositol and phosphatidyloglycerol were detected. Cholesterol and sphingomyelin, essential for hypothetical formation of cholesterol-rich domains, were the most abundant lipids in the lenses of all investigated species. These two components of eye lens lipid fraction were analyzed quantitatively using thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometric assay; the other lipids were identified qualitatively using thin layer chromatography.

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Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the content of lipids derived from the eye lenses of various species

Panz

Lepiarczyk²,

Zuber³

2011

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…Age is the number one risk factor for cataract and the changes in the relative amount of lipid with cataract may be an exacerbation of the changes seen with age (Yappert and Borchman 2004;Huang et al 2005). Data from infrared spectroscopy suggest that lipid oxidation products may increase in the human lens with age (Borchman and Yappert 1998); however, the sensitivity of techniques used for phospholipid analysis has been a limitation in the past.…”

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confidence: 99%

Instability of the cellular lipidome with age

Hughes

Deeley

Blanksby

et al. 2011

AGE

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The human lens nucleus is formed in utero, and from birth onwards, there appears to be no significant turnover of intracellular proteins or membrane components. Since, in adults, this region also lacks active enzymes, it offers the opportunity to examine the intrinsic stability of macromolecules under physiological conditions. Fifty seven human lenses, ranging in age from 12 to 82 years, were dissected into nucleus and cortex, and the nuclear lipids analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. In the first four decades of life, glycerophospholipids (with the exception of lysophosphatidylethanolamines) declined rapidly, such that by age 40, their content became negligible. In contrast the level of ceramides and dihydroceramides, which were undetectable prior to age 30, increased approximately 100-fold. The concentration of sphingomyelins and dihydrosphingomyelins remained unchanged over the whole life span. As a consequence of this marked alteration in composition, the properties of fiber cell membranes in the centre of young lenses are likely to be very different from those in older lenses. Interestingly, the identification of age 40 years as a time of transition in the lipid composition of the nucleus coincides with previously reported macroscopic changes in lens properties (e.g., a massive age-related increase in lens stiffness) and related pathologies such as presbyopia. The underlying reasons for the dramatic change in the lipid profile of the human lens with age are not known, but are most likely linked to the stability of some membrane lipids in a physiological environment.

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“…The transparency of the fibres is maintained mostly by the fibre membranes owing to its high level of cholesterol and sphingolipids content. 2 The organization, 3 structure, 4 and function 5 of the membrane are related to the lens membrane lipid composition. The lens lipids, especially the phospholipids compositional changes 6,7 have an important relationship with the aging and the cataractogenesis of the lens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have been conducted on phospholipid fractions of the lens by various modern techniques. 3,4,5,7,11,13 These studies have their limitations because the majority of the analyses to date have been conducted without giving importance to the contribution of the various regions of the lens namely the capsule plus epithelium and the cortex plus nucleus. Knowledge of the regional distribution of phospholipids would provide a better interpretation based on anatomic regions of the lens affected by cataractogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, hypermature cataracts were also included, whereas no inclusion of hypermature cataract is seen in the studies of the lens phospholipids in the recent past. 3,4,5,7,11,13 Though there are published works on phospholipids in the ageing human lens, no study has been conducted on phospholipids in proteolipids of ageing human lens. This is the first attempt to evaluate the quantity of phospholipids in proteolipids of crystalline lens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phospholipid and protein contents of lens proteolipids in human senile cataract

Siddique

Tiwary

Paul

2009

Eye

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Purpose This experimental study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the quantitative change, if any, in the phospholipids and protein contents of lens proteolipids during cataract formation, and to establish whether the phospholipid/protein content of the blood is related to cataractogenesis. Methods A total of 120 human lenses were collected. Phospholipids and protein content in proteolipids of these lenses were estimated biochemically. Blood was examined from total 60 persons. Data obtained were analyzed with the help of the ANOVA program of SPSS software (version 7.5). Results A significant (Po0.01) reduction of proteolipid-bound phospholipids was observed in cataracts as compared with the control lenses. An alteration was also noticed in the protein content of proteolipids in the cataractous lenses. Changes were also observed in serum total phospholipids (Po0.01) and total protein (Po0.01) in cataractous patients. Conclusions As proteolipids are the main constituents of the membranes of lens fibres, the alterations in its phospholipid and protein moieties may be suggestive of the disintegration of lens membranes, which ultimately leads to cataract formation. Gradual and constant variation in serum parameters may be one of the predisposing factors in cataractogenesis.

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Sphingolipids in human lens membranes: an update on their composition and possible biological implications

Cited by 69 publications

References 206 publications

Comparing the content of lipids derived from the eye lenses of various species

Comparing the content of lipids derived from the eye lenses of various species

Instability of the cellular lipidome with age

Phospholipid and protein contents of lens proteolipids in human senile cataract

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