Sperm fertility of the subtropical freshwater streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes) improved after dilution and cold storage

Abstract

The aims of this study were to evaluate the e⁄ciency of simple and complex extenders in prolonging the cold storage of sperm (Experiments 1 and 2) and to test the diluted-cooled sperm in the best extender with regard to sperm quality parameters (Experiment 3) in the streaked prochilod, Prochilodus lineatus. In all the experiments, aliquots of 0.3 mL of sperm were diluted 1:10 in extenders and stored at 4^6 1C. Sperm diluted in simple extenders (NaCl and glucose solutions) yielded 0^26% sperm motility, whereas sperm diluted in complex extenders (BTS TM , M III TM and Androstar TM ) yielded 62^81% sperm motility on day 4 after cold storage. When Androstar TM was further investigated, the following was observed on day 4: 53% motility with 94 s of duration; 47% live spermatozoa; 26^61% fertility rate; and 22^60% hatching rate. The use of Androstar TM improves the sperm fertility of the streaked prochilod during a 4-day storage period and can therefore be used to facilitate arti¢cial reproduction.

Efeito materno e paterno sobre as taxas de fertilização e eclosão em curimba (Prochilodus lineatus)

“…espermática, é essencial para que ocorra a fecundação e está mais do que comprovada na literatura (Aas et al, 1991;Billard et al, 2004;Orfão et al, 2010;Viveiros et al, 2010). No entanto, este trabalho sugere que os pais individualmente contribuem apenas com os seus genes nucleolares e que o efeito, a influência ou a contribuição paterna mensurada como algo extragene nucleolar são tão pequenos quanto insignificantes no sucesso da fertilização e da eclosão.…”

Osmolality and composition of the extender during the cold storage of Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) sperm

“…It was expected that undiluted sperm quality would decrease to 0% motility due to sperm aging, sperm competition for oxygen and space, and bacterial growth, as reported for P. lineatus (Orfão et al, 2010) and Brycon orbignyanus (Maria et al, 2006). Velocities were also high and VCL ranged from 148 to 176 µm/s during the six days of storage.…”

“…Studies using BTS as extender during the cold storage of Characiformes sperm have reported successful results. Motility rate was 81% after d 4 of cooling in P. lineatus (Orfão et al, 2010), 48% after d 7 in Brycon nattereri (Oliveira et al, 2007) and 43% after d 3 in B. orbignyanus (Maria et al, 2006). BTS™ contains gentamycin sulphate in its formulae and it has been shown that 92% of the bacterial populations in B. orbignyanus sperm are susceptible to gentamycin (Viveiros et al, 2010a).…”

“…The lifespan of spermatozoa could therefore be prolonged (Stoss, 1983). In our previous study (Orfão et al, 2010), P. lineatus sperm cooled in Beltsville Thawing Solution™ (BTS) at 332 mOsm/kg yielded a motility rate above 60% after four days, while no motility was observed for undiluted control samples. Recently it has been shown that the powdered coconut water™ (ACP) at 300 mOsm/kg is a great extender for the sperm cryopreservation of P. lineatus (Viveiros et al, 2010b), Brycon orbignyanus and Leporinus obtusidens (Viveiros et al, 2008), Colossoma macropomum (Vieira, 2010) and Cyprinus carpio (Carvalho, 2013).…”

“…Prochilodus lineatus larvae serve as prey for carnivorous fish species and adult fish are used for human consumption, especially in northeastern Brazil. Furthermore, as artificial reproduction methods are well established and prolificacy is high, P. lineatus has been used as a model in a number of studies addressing nutrition, health, genetic diversity and reproduction (Orfão et al, 2010).…”