Spectacle Lenses Designed to Reduce Progression of Myopia: 12-Month Results

Sankaridurg, Padmaja; Donovan, Leslie A.; Varnas, Saulius R.; Ho, Arthur; Chen, Xiang; Martinez, Aldo; Fisher, Scott W.; Lin, Zhi; Smith, Earl L.; Ge, Jian; Holden, Brien A.

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3181ea19c7

Cited by 251 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…29 These devices are still not widely available, and are quite expensive compared to conventional glasses. Though not at present appropriate for large-scale treatment programs, they may eventually offer an even greater vision protection benefit.…”

Section: Results From Itt Analysis In This Randomized Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Spectacles for Children's Vision: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Ma¹,

Congdon²,

Yi³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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PURPOSE: To study safety of children's glasses in rural China, where fear that glasses harm vision is an important barrier for families and policy makers.DESIGN: Exploratory analysis from a clusterrandomized, investigator-masked, controlled trial.METHODS: Among primary schools (n [ 252) in western China, children were randomized by school to 1 of 3 interventions: free glasses provided in class, vouchers for free glasses at a local facility, or glasses prescriptions only (Control group). The main outcome of this analysis is uncorrected visual acuity after 8 months, adjusted for baseline acuity.RESULTS: Among 19 934 children randomly selected for screening, 5852 myopic (spherical equivalent refractive error £L0.5 diopters) eyes of 3001 children (14.7%, mean age 10.5 years) had VA £6/12 without glasses correctable to >6/12 with glasses, and were eligible. Among these, 1903 (32.5%), 1798 (30.7%), and 2151 (36.8%) were randomized to Control, Voucher, and Free Glasses, respectively. Intention-totreat analyses were performed on all 1831 (96.

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Section: Results From Itt Analysis In This Randomized Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Spectacles for Children's Vision: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Ma¹,

Congdon²,

Yi³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…The potential link between peripheral refraction and refractive error in these studies has led to experiments in which spectacle lenses or contact lenses alter the peripheral refraction. [25][26][27] It has been found that such lenses may reduce myopia progression over a 1-year period in some studies. 26 The Cambridge Anti-Myopia Study (CAMS) is designed to evaluate a dual treatment modality for myopia on myopia progression rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Refractive Changes Associated with Myopia Progression

Radhakrishnan

Allen

Calver

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE.To evaluate the changes in peripheral refraction profiles associated with myopia progression and treatment modalities used in the Cambridge Anti-Myopia Study. METHODS.One hundred and seventy-seven myopes in the age range of 14 to 22 years were enrolled in the study. The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was À3.12 6 1.87 diopters (D) and the refractive error of each participant was corrected with contact lenses. The participants were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups, which included: altered spherical aberration and vision training, altered spherical aberration only, vision training only, and control. Peripheral refractive error was measured using an open field autorefractor in the central 608 of the retina in 108 steps. The refractive error was measured using cycloplegic autorefraction. Two-year refractive progression data and initial peripheral refraction measurements were available in 113 participants. Measurements of peripheral refraction and cycloplegic refraction were obtained at three visits over 2 years in 12-month intervals for 92 participants.RESULTS. All subjects showed a relative peripheral hyperopia, especially in the nasal retina. A limited magnitude of myopia progression of À0.34 6 0.36 D over 2 years was found in each of the four groups on average. There were no significant differences in the rate of progression between any of the treatment groups (P > 0.05). Initial peripheral J45 astigmatic refractive error at 208 and 308 in the nasal retina was weakly correlated with progression of myopia over 2 years (r ¼À0.27, P ¼ 0.004 and r ¼À0.20, P ¼ 0.040, respectively; n ¼ 113). The change in spherical equivalent peripheral refractive error at 308 nasal retina over time was also significantly correlated with progression of myopia especially at 24 months (r ¼À0.24, P ¼ 0.017, n ¼ 92). CONCLUSIONS.Relative peripheral hyperopia is associated with myopia. Myopia progression may be weakly linked to changes in the peripheral refraction profiles in the nasal retina.However, a causative link between peripheral refractive error and myopia progression could not be established. (Invest

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“…These optical strategies appear to slow the progression of myopia by B30-55% and without adverse effects. [38][39][40][41][42] It has been suggested that reducing the progression of myopia by as little as 33% would reduce the number of highly myopic eyes (4 À 5.00 D) by as many as 75%. 43 Data from a longer term clinical study, involving the use of contact lenses to reduce the hyperopic defocus at the peripheral retina, showed that the ability of these lenses to slow the progression of myopia was a consistent 40% per year over the study period of 43 months.…”

Section: Optical Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myopia, an underrated global challenge to vision: where the current data takes us on myopia control

Holden

Sankaridurg

Smith

et al. 2013

Eye

205

153

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Myopia is the most frequent cause of distance impairment in the world and is creating an alarming global epidemic with deleterious ramifications for the quality of life and economic health of individuals and nations as a whole. In addition to being immediately disadvantageous, myopia increases the risk of serious disorders such as myopic macular degeneration, retinal detachment, glaucoma, and cataract and is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness across many countries. The reduction in age of onset of myopia is of great concern since the earlier the onset, the more myopic the individual will become, with all the attendant increased risks of accompanying debilitating eye conditions. The economic burden is great; both in consequences of uncorrected refractive error and also in the provision of devices for correcting visual acuity. Earlier onset of myopia increases the lifetime economic burden related to loss of productivity and independence, leading to a reduced quality of life. Recent data suggest addressing accommodation per se has little direct amelioration of myopia progression. Pharmacological interventions that effect changes in the sclera show promising efficacy, whereas optical interventions based on a myopic shift in the retinal image are proving to effect up to 55% reduction in the rate of progression of myopia. Early contact lens and spectacle interventions that reduce the rate of progression of myopia are able to significantly reduce the burden of myopia. These nonpharmacological interventions show profound promise in reducing the overall associated morbidity of myopia.

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Spectacle Lenses Designed to Reduce Progression of Myopia: 12-Month Results

Cited by 251 publications

References 24 publications

Safety of Spectacles for Children's Vision: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Safety of Spectacles for Children's Vision: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Peripheral Refractive Changes Associated with Myopia Progression

Myopia, an underrated global challenge to vision: where the current data takes us on myopia control

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