Spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric precipitation in the Odesa region at the beginning of the 21st century

Abstract

During the last decade of the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st century there was a need for a higher level of understanding of the climate system and development of opportunities to prevent climate change and, first of all, understanding of dangerous natural hydrometeorological phenomena. The research of the latter is based on contemporary ideas of the theory of climate whose main concepts found their further development in the study of changes and fluctuations of the today's climate. For its climatic characteristics the South of Ukraine is considered as a separate region. This is due to not only the influence of the Black Sea but also to the specific features of the atmospheric circulation. Precipitation is one of the most important characteristics of humidification and appears to be the most variable meteorological value both in space and time. According to the results of modern studies the amount of precipitation within the territory of Ukraine and its individual regions was changing at the end of the 20th century and this change is still observed at the beginning of the 21st century. Therefore, the purpose of this scientific study is to determine the peculiarities of the spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric precipitation in the territory of the Odesa Region over the recent decades. To complete this task we used statistical methods of processing the output information which included time data for 00, 06, 12 and 18 hours.
 Based on peculiarities of the structure of the long-term course of atmospheric precipitation in the territory of the Odesa region the following five regions were defined: southern, northwest, northern, eastern and coastal. Using the integral Fourier transform we managed to determine probable periodic oscillations (quasi-two-month, quasi-three-month, half-year and quasi-ten-month ones).
 This article presents the main results of one of the sections of the research work "Forecasting of dangerous meteorological phenomena over the southern regions of Ukraine" which is performed at the Department of Meteorology and Climatology of the Odessa State Environmental University.

Characteristics of forecasting meteorological conditions of air pollution over Odesa

“…The use of the Piercy-Obukhov's (T) forecast quality criterion for the estimation of the meteorological conditions of pollution over Odesa revealed that he took only positive values (from 0.70 to 0.83), that is, the phenomenon prediction (Pph) exceeded the ratio of false forecasts of the phenomenon to the actual number of days without phenomena (Ivus 2012).…”

“…An important role in the formation of the level of air pollution during the year is among other played by ground and elevated inversions of air temperature (Ivus 2012, Kipenko 2002, Snizhko 2011). The inversion is characterized by the height of the lower boundary of the inversion layer, its thickness and the so-called inversion depth, that is, the temperature difference at the upper and lower boundaries of the layer (Vystavnaya, Zubkovych 2014).…”

“…In many cases, the origin of the air mass explains the observed changes in the gas composition of the atmosphere (Snizhko, 2011). Complex synoptic methods (physical and statistical methods and other) are used for the analysis of the atmospheric pollution conditions, which take into account the complex of meteorological conditions and synoptic situations that determine the distribution and accumulation of admixtures (Ivus, 2012). With the low activity development of processes and stagnant phenomena (weak wind), the conditions that most contribute to pollution are created.…”

Fog and Associated Weather Conditions in the Area of Kyiv/Аntonov-2 Airfield

“…Ґрунтовний огляд методів прогнозу туманів і видимості представлено у ряді видань, зокрема в підручнику Г.П. Івус [2]. Останнім часом у світі значна увага приділяється фізичним властивостям хмар і туманів та активним методам впливу на них [8].…”

Features of climate and geographical distribution of atmospheric precipitations in the south of Ukraine

“…Особливості атмосферної циркуляції, вплив Чорного та Азовського морів виділяють південь України за кліматичними характеристиками в окрему область, яка потребує дослідження її кліматозумовлених природних ресурсів. Для території Одеської області дослідженню просторово-часової динаміки багаторічних середніх місячних, сезонних та річних сум опадів присвячено ряд робіт [13,15,26]. Авторами на основі співставлення багаторічної кількості опадів, що розраховані за різні періоди осереднення, визначено просторовочасове розподілення річної кількості опадів, опадів теплого і холодного періодів.…”