Space-Charge Effects in An Electrostatic Multireflection Ion Trap

Grinfeld, Dmitry; Giannakopulos, Anastassios E.; Kopaev, I A; Makarov, Alexander; Monastyrskiy, Mikhail; Skoblin, M. G.

doi:10.1255/ejms.1265

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The synchronization of two ions seems to be even more counter‐intuitive. Two equally charged ions are expected to repel each other and not to merge into an inseparable pair, but this phenomenon is less intriguing than it initially appears . Figure may help to explain this unique behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…13,14 Space charge effects were also reported when working with multi-reflection time-of-flight (TOF) instrumentation. 15,16 The loss of mass accuracy or ion abundance can be the product of underlying space charge effects. More interesting and probably also more insidious are self-bunching and coalescence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting peak may be either very wide (exceeding the summed peak widths of the individual peaks) or artificially narrow (narrower than the peak width of a single ion species). 16 The merging of two or more isobaric ions into a single peak is described in the literature as coalescence. 17,18 On the other hand, the 'sharpening' of the signal belonging to a particular ion species is called self-bunching.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,18 On the other hand, the 'sharpening' of the signal belonging to a particular ion species is called self-bunching. [19][20][21][22][23] Self-bunching has been observed within multi-reflection TOF 15,16 and FTICR 20 instruments, yet we are not aware that it has been observed within spectra obtained using commercial Orbitrap instrumentation. Both terms (self-bunching and coalescence) refer to the same phenomenon.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coalescence and self‐bunching observed in commercial high‐resolution mass spectrometry instrumentation

Kaufmann¹,

Walker²

2018

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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The conventional measurement of a peak width does not truly reflect the mass resolving power of modern HRMS instrumentation. The mass resolving power is better demonstrated by resolving a mixture of isobaric compounds. Measurements obtained at low and high ion abundances should be investigated. Coalescence and self-bunching can reduce the truly available mass resolving power and therefore negatively affect quantitative and qualitative measurements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coalescence and self‐bunching observed in commercial high‐resolution mass spectrometry instrumentation

Kaufmann¹,

Walker²

2018

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Space charge effects serve to provide limitations for both quantitative unbiased ion accumulation as well as the maximum capacity. 29–31 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greatly Increasing Trapped Ion Populations for Mobility Separations Using Traveling Waves in Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations

et al. 2016

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The initial use of traveling waves (TW) for ion mobility (IM) separations using structures for lossless ion manipulations (SLIM) employed an ion funnel trap (IFT) to accumulate ions from a continuous electrospray ionization source and was limited to injected ion populations of ~106 charges due to the onset of space charge effects in the trapping region. Additional limitations arise due to the loss of resolution for the injection of ions over longer periods, such as in extended pulses. In this work a new SLIM “flat funnel” (FF) module has been developed and demonstrated to enable the accumulation of much larger ion populations and their injection for IM separations. Ion current measurements indicate a capacity of ~3.2 × 108 charges for the extended trapping volume, over an order of magnitude greater than that of the IFT. The orthogonal ion injection into a funnel shaped separation region can greatly reduce space charge effects during the initial IM separation stage, and the gradually reduced width of the path allows the ion packet to be increasingly compressed in the lateral dimension as the separation progresses, allowing efficient transmission through conductance limits or compatibility with subsequent ion manipulations. This work examined the TW, rf, and dc confining field SLIM parameters involved in ion accumulation, injection, transmission, and IM separation in the FF module using both direct ion current and MS measurements. Wide m/z range ion transmission is demonstrated, along with significant increases in the signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) due to the larger ion populations injected. Additionally, we observed a reduction in the chemical background, which was attributed to more efficient desolvation of solvent related clusters over the extended ion accumulation periods. The TW SLIM FF IM module is anticipated to be especially effective as a front end for long path SLIM IM separation modules.

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Crowd control of ions in the Astral analyzer

Stewart,

Grinfeld,

Petzoldt

et al. 2024

J Mass Spectrom

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Space charge effects are the Achilles' heel of all high‐resolution ion optical devices. In time‐of‐flight mass analyzers, these may manifest as reduction of resolving power, mass measurement shift, peak coalescence, and/or transmission losses, while highly sensitive modern ion sources and injection devices ensure that such limits are easily exceeded. Space charge effects have been investigated, by experiment and simulation study, for the astral multi‐reflection analyzer, incorporating ion focusing via a pair of converging ion mirrors, and fed by a pulsed extraction ion trap. Major factors were identified as the resonant effect between ~103 ions of similar m/z in‐flight and the expansion of trapped packets of ~104–5 ions prior to extraction. Optimum operation and compensated ion mirror calibration strategies were then generated and described based on these findings.

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Space-Charge Effects in An Electrostatic Multireflection Ion Trap

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Coalescence and self‐bunching observed in commercial high‐resolution mass spectrometry instrumentation

Coalescence and self‐bunching observed in commercial high‐resolution mass spectrometry instrumentation

Greatly Increasing Trapped Ion Populations for Mobility Separations Using Traveling Waves in Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations

Crowd control of ions in the Astral analyzer

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